基于表面增强拉曼光谱检测技术的肺癌早期诊断研究

表面增强拉曼光谱技术是近年来快速发展的一种痕量特征标记性物质检测技术,以提高检测灵敏度为目的的表面增强拉曼光谱技术非常适合于生命科学研究。本文利用表面增强拉曼光谱技术对肺癌患者及正常人的唾液样本进行检测,并进行光谱分析,建立了肺癌患者唾液样本的实验模型,对该模型系统分析可为肺癌诊断提供辅助依据。统计学分析效果良好,并发现了分类比较明确的特异性波段1015cm-1～1070cm-1和1250cm-1～1280cm-1。在找出的12个特征峰的基础上应用K-均值方法验证了其判别准确性,结果提示提取的12个特征峰有一定的代表性,能够代表近2000个波数的拉曼光谱图,灵敏度较特异度高,说明该方法适合预防性筛查工作。     

基于唾液的拉曼光谱检测进行肝癌诊断的研究

表面增强拉曼光谱技术是近年来快速发展的一种痕量特征标记性物质检测技术, 达到了分子识别水平, 具有很高的灵敏度, 能够精确地分析和了解物质结构和成分。人体唾液中含有大量体征相关的特异性蛋白质和分泌物质。唾液检测具有无创、获取方便、适合开展大规模普查等优点。表面增强拉曼光谱检测技术可以快速地对唾液进行检测, 二者的结合, 有可能成为一种癌症诊断的新方法。本文利用表面增强光谱技术对肝癌患者进行实验研究, 通过对肝癌患者唾液的采集、样品的处理、光谱的采集及光谱分析, 肝癌特异性标记物AFP(alpha fetoprotein)的检测及分析等过程得到肝癌相关特征信息, 表明肝癌患者与正常人的唾液样本分类良好, 灵敏度及特异性较好; 进一步验证了AFP抗原的分子组成, 且AFP抗原的拉曼强度基本随浓度的递增呈递减趋势; 对肝癌患者的唾液样本及AFP抗原的拉曼光谱进行比对分析, 提示利用表面增强拉曼光谱检测唾液有可能诊断早期癌症。     

Transmittance and phase measurement via self-calibrated balanced heterodyne detection

It is rare for a conventional direct detection method to measure the transmittance uniformity of mirrors with rigorous standards, especially to meet the requirement of transmittance/reflectance and phase detection simultaneously. In this study, a new method of self-calibrated balanced heterodyne detection(SCBHD) is proposed. It can be self-calibrated by a two-channel structure to overcome the environmental effects in large optics scanning detection by employing highly accurate heterodyne interference. A typical transmittance measurement experiment was performed at 1053 nm wavelength via SCBHD. A standard deviation(SD) of 0.038% was achieved in the preliminary experiment. The experimental results prove to reduce the SD by approximately two orders of magnitude compared with the conventional direct detection method in the same condition. The proposed method was verified as being promising not only for its wider dynamic measurement range and its higher accuracy but also for its simultaneous transmittance and phase detection ability.