JLab Hall-A上小角度GDH实验中的粒子鉴别及其效率

在JLab的A大厅上的小角度GDH实验中, 因为散射截面及截面不对称度的测量需要干净的电子样本和足够的事例统计, 径迹在簇射量能器和气体阈契仑柯夫探测器理的信息被用来完成粒子鉴别的任务. 通过优化粒子在两种探测器里的信息筛选条件, 可以得到较高的电子接收效率和π的去除能力. 因为探测器的分辨能力与粒子的动量等运动学参量有关, 所以对于不同的数据的粒子鉴别条件分别进行了优化, 并得到了对应的电子接收效率和π的去除能力.     

Radiation and ionization energy loss simulation for the GDHsum rule experiment in Hall-A at Jefferson Lab

The radiation and ionization energy loss are presented for single arm Monte Carlo simulation for the GDH sum rule experiment in Hall-A at the Jefferson Lab. Radiation and ionization energy loss are discussed for ¹²C elastic scattering simulation. The relative momentum ratio Δp/p and ¹²C elastic cross section are compared without and with radiative energy loss and a reasonable shape is obtained by the simulation. The total energy loss distribution is obtained, showing a Landau shape for ¹²C elastic scattering. This simulation work will give good support for radiation correction analysis of the GDH sum rule experiment.     

用四叉事例样本确定J/ψ总数

详细介绍了用J/ψ衰变中的四叉事例样本确定J/ψ总数的方法,并用此方法确定了北京谱仪从1999年11月到2001年5月所收集的两批J/ψ数据的事例总数,分别为(27.00±1.48)×10⁶和(30.70±1.62)×10⁶.     

核子白旋结构的实验研究进展

本文主要介绍对核子纵向自旋结构函数的实验研究进展。首先简要介绍核子自旋结构的部分理论模型,包括朴素的部份子模型和QCD中的夸克一部份子模型,同时简要介绍标度律和标度律的破坏及其原因;接着介绍实验研究的理论基础,包括弱作用和轻子一核子的深度非弹散射中轴流的作用和几个关于核子自旋结构的求和规则和它们的QCD修正;且简要介绍深度非弹散射实验的研究方法,包括单举测量、半单举和遍举测量。最后,详细介绍实验研究进展,包括对质子和。中子的纵向自旋结构函数的测量,国际上几个主要实验室在不同的能量下,在用不同的靶、不同的束流对不同范围的Bjorken变量x和不同的四动量转移范围Q2下的实验、特点及其结果。最后简略介绍了我国实验物理工作者在该领域的国际合作组的部分工作。     

核子(质子)奇异性形状因子的实验进展

本文简要地介绍了为测量奇异性海夸克对核子电磁形状因子的贡献的实验的理论基础;详细地介绍了在各个实验室、各个实验时期的实验内容,包括奇异性形状因子的早期测量-MIT Bates设备上SAMPLE组测量奇异性磁形状因子的实验;最近JLab CEBAF设备上HAPPEX合作组对奇异性电和磁形状因子的组合测量;Mainz的MAMI上PVA4实验;HAPPEX的高精度实验及首次单个地测量出奇异性电形状因子;以及JLab的G0组的大接收度、奇异性形状因子对四动量转移平方的依赖关系实验。并介绍了各实验室的不同的实验方法,给出了世界上各实验室在不同的运动学量上的测量的结果,以及进一步可能的实验。     

Jefferson国家实验室（JLab）简介

简要介绍了JLab的一般情况、JLab高性能加速器CEBAF（Continue Electron Beam Accelerator Facility）和3个实验大厅的主要实验设备。着重介绍了CEBAF的连续束流与实验大厅的高密靶及高精度谱仪结合所得到的高精度实验结果，介绍了JLab实验室要解决的根本问题、相应的物理课题以及中国组正在参与数据分析和正在做的实验。最后简要介绍了CEBAF升级至12 GeV及其带来新的研究机会和新的物理课题，以及中国组与JLab的合作情况。The general situation of JLab is briefly introduced. The accelerator CEBAF with high quality and the equipments in the three Halls are described. The experimental results with high accuracies, which were obtained by using continue beam with high energy resolution, and high density target and high resolution spectrometers in the halls, are presented with two examples. The basic physics problems which JLab intends to solve, and the programs which JLab completed and is going to do, are stated. The programs which China group is cooperating with other groups are emphasized. The energy escalation for CEBAF will bring new opportunities for scientific researches.     

NaI （Tl） calorimeter calibration and simulation for Coulomb sum rule experiment in Hall-A at Jefferson Lab

A precision measurment of inclusive electron scattering cross sections is carried out at Jefferson Lab in the quasi-elastic region for ⁴He, ¹²C, ⁵⁶Fe and ²⁰⁸Pb targets. The longitudinal (R_L) and transverse (R_T) response functions of the nucleon need to be extracted precisely in the momentum transfer range 0.55 GeV/c≤|q|≤1.0 GeV/c. To achieve the above goal, a NaI (Tl) calorimeter is used to distinguish good electrons from background, including pions and low energy electrons rescattered from the walls of the spectrometer magnets. Due to a large set of kinematics and changes in HV settings, a number of calibrations are performed for the NaI (Tl) detector. Corrections for a few blocks of NaI (Tl) with bad or no signal are applied. The resolution of the NaI (Tl) detector after calibration reached (δE)/√E ≈ 3% at E=1 GeV. The performance of the NaI (Tl) detector is compared with a simulation. The good calibration and background analysis for the NaI(Tl) detector are very important for the reduction of the systematic error of cross sections and the separation of R_L and R_T.     

A symmetric geometric measure and the dynamics of quantum discord

A symmetric measure of quantum correlation based on the Hilbert-Schmidt distance is presented in this paper. For two-qubit states, we considerably simplify the optimization procedure so that numerical evaluation can be performed efficiently. Analytical expressions for the quantum correlation are attained for some special states. We further investigate the dynamics of quantum correlation of the system qubits in the presence of independent dissipative environments. Several nontrivial aspects are demonstrated. We find that the quantum correlation can increase even if the system state is suffering from dissipative noise. Sudden changes occur, even twice, in the time evolution of quantum correlation. There exists a certain correspondence between the evolution of quantum correlation in the systems and that in the environments, and the quantum correlation in the systems will be transferred into the environments completely and asymptotically.     

核子(质子)奇异性形状因子的实验进展

本文简要地介绍了为测量奇异性海夸克对核子电磁形状因子的贡献的实验的理论基础;详细地介绍了在各个实验室、各个实验时期的实验内容,包括奇异性形状因子的早期测量-MIT Bates设备上SAMPLE组测量奇异性磁形状因子的实验;最近JLab CEBAF设备上HAPPEX合作组对奇异性电和磁形状因子的组合测量;Mainz的MAMI上PVA4实验;HAPPEX的高精度实验及首次单个地测量出奇异性电形状因子;以及JLab的G0组的大接收度、奇异性形状因子对四动量转移平方的依赖关系实验.并介绍了各实验室的不同的实验方法,给出了世界上各实验室在不同的运动学量上的测量的结果,以及进一步可能的实验.     

Experimental investigation of vector static magnetic field detection using an NV center with a single first-shell ~(13)C nuclear spin in diamond

We perform a proof-of-principle experiment that uses a single negatively charged nitrogen–vacancy(NV) color center with a nearest neighbor~(13) C nuclear spin in diamond to detect the strength and direction(including both polar and azimuth angles) of a static vector magnetic field by optical detection magnetic resonance(ODMR) technique. With the known hyperfine coupling tensor between an NV center and a nearest neighbor~(13) C nuclear spin, we show that the information of static vector magnetic field could be extracted by observing the pulsed continuous wave(CW) spectrum.