个人中子剂量气泡探测器研制

中子固体气泡探测器被认为是唯一能够满足国际辐射防护委员会ICRP60要求的个人中子剂量计，它具有从低能中子到高能中子的平坦响应曲线和对γ射线不灵敏的优点.本工作将过热液滴均匀地分布在一种软聚合物中，制成了个人中子气泡剂量计,其灵敏度达到每毫雷姆40个气泡.还介绍了个人中子剂量气泡探测器的原理和制作过程.Neutron solid bubble detector was considered as a unique one for meeting the need of the personal neutron dosimeter recommended by International Committee of radiation protection,ICRP60.It has the flat response for neutron from low energy to high energy,and insensitive for gamma rays. In this work,superheated liquid drops were dispersed into a kind of soft polymer homogeneously.A personal neutron bubble dosimeter has been made,and the sensitivity reached to about 40bubbles/mrem.The principle and the processing procedure of bubble detector were also introduced in this paper.     

苏州A型花岗岩中的宇宙尘

通过人工重砂方法从苏州A型花岗岩中获得了大量的微球粒,对539颗微球粒的表面与部分截面特征作了全面的扫描电子显微镜观察和照相,对457颗微球粒做了X射线能谱测定,并对部分微球粒做了X射线粉晶照相、电子探针和中子活化分析,结果判明这些微球粒属消融型宇宙尘。其中,硅质微玻璃球赋存着高含量的REE及亲石耐熔微量元素,具有与球粒陨石相似的稀土元素配分模式,并含有首次在宇宙尘中发现的陨石标型矿物尖晶橄榄石;铁质微球粒的主要组成和结构与深海及极冰中的消融型宇宙尘相当,其中并有独立的铁镍微球粒与陨硫铁微球粒。     

瞬发γ活化分析系统的建立

瞬发γ中子活化分析是重要的核分析方法之一,是H和B等轻元素的重要分析手段,近年来应用范围不断增加.概要介绍了瞬发γ中子活化分析的基本原理,重点介绍了中国原子能科学研究院重水研究堆热中子束瞬发γ中子活化分析实验装置以及50 keV－11 MeV的宽能区γ效率刻度方法.还应用瞬发γ中子活化分析分析了海底锰结核标准物质GSPN 3中11种元素,结果与标准值基本一致.Neutron induced prompt γ activation analysis(PGNAA),is one of the nuclear analytical method,which is a powerful tool for H,B,etc.undestructive determination.The applications of PGNAA are increased in recent years.In this paper,the basic principle of PGNAA was introduced briefly.The facilities of PGNAA in HWRR of China Institute of Atomic Energy as well as the efficiency calibration for a wide range gamma from 50 keV to 10 MeV were emphasized.A deep sea polymetallic nodule CRM,GSPN 3 was analyzed by using PGNAA in this work,the results have agreement with the certified values.     

抗金属污染的超绝缘材料研究

使用串列加速器产生的32S离子对不同厚度的聚碳酸酯、聚脂膜进行了不同密度的辐照，并在不同温度、不同碱度和不同蚀刻时间条件下，研究了蚀刻对孔形状、孔径以及膜表面损耗等的影响.通过表面金属镀膜的方式研究了该膜的抗金属污染的绝缘性能.结果显示，其抗金属污染的绝缘性能得到了大幅度提高.