Twisted Phenanthro[9,10-d]imidazole Derivatives as Non-doped Emitters for Efficient Electroluminescent Devices with Ultra-Deep Blue Emission and High Exciton Utilization Efficiency

Herein, two deep-blue emissive molecules ( SAF-PI and SAF-DPI ) are designed and synthesized using spiro[acridine-9,9’-fluorene] as a donor (D) substituted with 2-(3-methylphenyl)-1-phenyl-phenanthro[9,10-d]imidazole as an acceptor (A), forming twisted D−A and A−D−A structures, respectively. The photophysical studies and density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that both molecules exhibit hybridized local excited and charge transfer (HLCT) characteristics with deep blue emission color. They are effectively applied as non-doped emitters in OLEDs. Particularly, SAF-PI -based device achieves the high-definition television (HDTV) standard blue color emission peaked at 428 nm with CIE coordinate of (0.156, 0.053), a narrow full width at half maximum of 55 nm, a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE_max) of 4.57% and an exciton utilization efficiency of 65%.     

A Simple and Strong Electron‐Deficient 5,6‐Dicyano[2,1,3]benzothiadiazole‐Cored Donor‐Acceptor‐Donor Compound for Efficient Near Infrared Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence

Despite the success of thermally activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) materials in steering the next generation of organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs), effective near infrared (NIR) TADF emitters are still very rare. Here, we present a simple and extremely high electron‐deficient compound, 5,6‐dicyano[2,1,3]benzothiadiazole (CNBz), as a strong electron‐accepting unit to develop a sufficiently strong donor‐acceptor (D?A) interaction for NIR emission. End‐capping with the electron‐donating triphenylamine (TPA) unit created an effective D?A?D type system, giving rise to an efficient NIR TADF emissive molecule (λ_em=750 nm) with a very small ΔE_ST of 0.06 eV. The electroluminescent device using this NIR TADF emitter exhibited an excellent performance with a high maximum radiance of 10020 mW Sr^?1 m^?2, a maximum EQE of 6.57% and a peak wavelength of 712 nm.     

Strong convergence of a general viscosity explicit rule for the sum of two monotone operators in Hilbert spaces

In this paper, we study a general viscosity explicit rule for approximating the solutions of the variational inclusion problem for the sum of two monotone operators. We then prove its strong convergence under some new conditions on the parameters in the framework of Hilbert spaces. As applications, we apply our main result to the split feasibility problem and the LASSO problem. We also give some numerical examples to support our main result. The results presented in this paper extend and improve the corresponding results in the literature.     

Rational Design of Chrysene-Based Hybridized Local and Charge-Transfer Molecules as Efficient Non-Doped Deep-Blue Emitters for Simple-Structured Electroluminescent Devices

Herein, we present a molecular design of chrysene-based deep-blue emissive materials ( TC , TpPC , TpXC , and TmPC ), in which chrysene as a core is functionalized with different triphenylamine moieties to realize a fine-tuning deep-blue fluorescence with superior electroluminescent (EL) performance. The photophysical analyses and density functional theory (DFT) calculations disclose that TC , TpPC , and TpXC possess HLCT characteristics with intense deep-blue emission in the solid-state, good hole-transporting ability, and high thermal and electrochemical stabilities. They are successfully employed as non-doped emitters in simple structured OLEDs (ITO/PEDOT : PSS : NF/emitter/TPBi/LiF : Al). In particular, TC -based device emits a deep-blue light with an emission peak at 446 nm and CIE color coordinates of (0.148, 0.096), a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE_max) of 4.31%, and a low turn-on voltage of 2.8 V.     

Crystallographic and Spectroscopic Investigations on Oxidative Coordination in the Heteroleptic Mononuclear Complex of Cerium and Benzoxazine Dimer

Among lanthanide-based compounds, cerium compounds exhibit a significant role in a variety of research fields due to their distinct tetravalency, high economic feasibility, and high stability of Ce(IV) complexes. Herein, a systematic investigation of crystallographic information, chemical properties, and mechanistic formation of the novel Ce(IV) complex synthesized from cerium(III) nitrate hexahydrate and 2,2′-(methylazanediyl)bis(methylene)bis(4-methylphenol) (MMD) ligand has been explored. According to the analysis of the crystallographic information, the obtained complex crystal consists of the Ce(IV) center coordinated with two nitrate ligands and two bidentate coordinated (N-protonated and O,O-deprotonated) MMD ligands. The fingerprint plots and the Hirshfeld surface analyses suggest that the C–H⋯O and C–H⋯π interactions significantly contribute to the crystal packing. The C–H⋯O and C–H⋯π contacts link the molecules into infinite molecular chains propagating along the [100] and [010] directions. Synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) techniques have been employed to gain an understanding of the oxidative complexation of Ce(IV)-MMD complex in detail. This finding would provide the possibility to systematically control the synthetic parameters and wisely design the precursor components in order to achieve the desired properties of novel materials for specific applications.     

Iterative methods for solving quasi-variational inclusion and fixed point problem in <Emphasis Type="Italic">q</Emphasis>-uniformly smooth Banach spaces

In this work, we introduce implicit and explicit iterations for solving the variational inclusion problem for the sum of two operators and the fixed point problem of nonexpansive mappings. We then prove its strong convergence theorems in the framework of Banach spaces. We finally provide some applications of the main results.     

Revising an iterative algorithm for finding a common solution of a system of variational inequalities for two inverse strongly accretive operators

In this paper, we give a short and simple proof of the recent result of Katchang and Kumam (Positivity 15:281–295, 2011). In our proof, we do not assume the uniform convexity of a space.     

Magnetoimpedance of cobalt-coated silicon steels

Magnetoimpedance (MI) effect of cobalt-coated silicon steels is measured as a function of cobalt thickness (0−45 μm), DC magnetic field (0-2 kOe), frequency (1 kHz-1 MHz) and magnitude (1-20 mA) of AC current. With increase in deposition thickness, the MI ratio and the characteristic frequency are decreased because the samples are magnetically hardened by the coating. Nevertheless, cobalt deposition broadens the frequency-dependent MI curves, and the frequency range with a large MI ratio is extended. The variations of this peak width as well as the characteristic frequency and the MI ratio are explained by the skin effect and crossing effect.