A transfer map for singular fibrations

Using a new group of singular chains on polyhedra, a transfer map is defined on the chain level for fibrations with singularities. These include usual transfer on homology as well as Oliver transfer and other cases.     

Ultraslow phonon-assisted collapse of tubular image states

We predict ultraslow collapse of “tubular image states” (TIS) on material surfaces. TIS are bound Rydberg-like electronic states formed at large distances (∼30 nm) from the surfaces of suspended circularly-symmetric nanowires, such as metallic C nanotubes. The states are formed in potential wells, resulting from a combination of the TIS-electron attraction to image charges in the nanotube and its centrifugal repulsion, caused by spinning around the tube. We demonstrate that TIS can collapse on the tube surface by passing their angular momentum l to circularly polarized flexural phonons excited in the tube. Our analysis shows that for highly detached TIS with l ? 6 the relaxation lifetimes are of the order of 10 ns-1 μs, while for l < 6 these lifetimes are reduced by several orders of magnitude.     

The boundary trace and generalized boundary value problem for semilinear elliptic equations with coercive absorption

In the first part of the paper we establish the existence of a boundary trace for positive solutions of the equation ?Δu + g(x, u) = 0 in a smooth domain Ω ? ?^N, for a general class of positive nonlinearities. This class includes every space independent, monotone increasing g which satisfies the Keller‐Osserman condition as well as degenerate nonlinearities g_α,q of the form g_α,q (x, u) = d(x, ?Ω)^α |u|^q?1 u, with α > ?2 and q > 1. The boundary trace is given by a positive regular Borel measure which may blow up on compact sets. In the second part we concentrate on the family of nonlinearities {g_α,q}, determine the critical value of the exponent q (for fixed α > ?2) and discuss (a) positive solutions with an isolated singularity, for subcritical nonlinearities and (b) the boundary value problem for ?Δu + g_α,q (x, u) = 0 with boundary data given by a positive regular Borel measure (possibly unbounded). We show that, in the subcritical case, the problem possesses a unique solution for every such measure. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Information recovery from black holes

We argue that if black hole entropy arises from a finite number of underlying quantum states, then any particular such state can be identified from infinity. The finite density of states implies a discrete energy spectrum, and, in general, such spectra are non-degenerate except as determined by symmetries. Therefore, knowledge of the precise energy, and of other commuting conserved charges, determines the quantum state. In a gravitating theory, all conserved charges including the energy are given by boundary terms that can be measured at infinity. Thus, within any theory of quantum gravity, no information can be lost in black holes with a finite number of states. However, identifying the state of a black hole from infinity requires measurements with Planck scale precision. Hence observers with insufficient resolution will experience information loss. First Award in the 2006 Essay Competition of the Gravity Research Foundation.     

Solving a class of multiplicative programming problems via c-programming

In this note we show that many classes of global optimization problems can be treated most satisfactorily by classical optimization theory and conventional algorithms. We focus on the class of problems involving the minimization of the product of several convex functions on a convex set which was studied recently by Kunoet al. [3]. It is shown that these problems are typical composite concave programming problems and thus can be handled elegantly by c-programming [4]–[8] and its techniques.     

Stable Subnorms II

In this paper we continue our study of stability properties of subnorms on subsets of finite-dimensional, power-associative algebras over the real or the complex numbers.     

Combinatorial criteria for uniqueness of Gibbs measures

We generalize previously known conditions for uniqueness of the Gibbs measure in statistical physics models by presenting conditions of any finite size for models on any underlying graph. We give two dual conditions, one requiring that the total influence on a site is small, and the other that the total influence of a site is small. Our proofs are combinatorial in nature and use tools from the analysis of discrete Markov chains, in particular the path coupling method. The implications of our conditions for the mixing time of natural Markov chains associated with the models are discussed as well. We also present some examples of models for which the conditions hold. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 2005     

Inverse Pattern Matching

Let a textstringTofnsymbols from some alphabet Σ and an integerm < nbe given. A patternPof lengthmover Σ is sought such thatPminimizes (alternatively, maximizes) the total number of pairwise character mismatches generated whenPis compared with allm-character substrings ofT. Two additional variants of the problem are obtained by adding the constraint thatPbe (respectively, not be) a substring ofT. Efficient sequential algorithms are proposed in this paper for the problem and its variants.     

Policies for biodefense revisited: The prioritized vaccination process for smallpox

Handling bioterror events that involve contagious agents is a major concern for authorities and a cause for debate among policymakers about the best response policy. At the core of this debate stands the question which of the two post-event policies to adopt: mass vaccination or trace (also called ring or targeted) vaccination. We present a new dynamic epidemic-intervention model that captures key features of the situation and generalizes some previous assumptions regarding the probability distributions of inter-temporal parameters. It is shown that a mixture of mass and trace vaccination policies—the prioritized vaccination policy—is more effective than either of the two aforementioned policies.