Simulation du drapé des tissus par maillages adaptatifsAdaptive meshing for cloth draping

Numerical simulation methods regarding fabric and cloth draping are generally based on mechanical models. These models are usually applied to uniform grids representing the true geometry of the fabric. Fabrics being a very flexible material, wrinkles appear on its surface when submitted to free or constrained motion. The main problem of the simulation is to represent realistically cloth surface motion. This is strongly dependent on the surface discretization. We present a new cloth animation scheme based on adaptive surface discretization. It can be seen as a multi-grid method which allows us to obtain realistic simulations. We propose also a new mechanical model well suited to our adaptive meshing strategy. A numerical example is given to show the efficiency of the method. To cite this article: J. Villard et al., C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 335 (2002) 561–566.     

Adaptive remeshing for ductile fracture prediction in metal formingRemaillage adaptatif pour la prévision de la rupture ductile en mise en forme

The analysis of mechanical structures using the Finite Element Method in the framework of large elastoplastic strain, needs frequent remeshing of the deformed domain during computation. Indeed, the remeshing is due to the large geometrical distortion of finite elements and the adaptation to the physical behavior of the solution. This paper gives the necessary steps to remesh a mechanical structure during large elastoplastic deformations with damage. An important part of this process is constituted by geometrical and physical error estimates. The proposed method is integrated in a computational environment using the ABAQUS/Explicit solver and the BL2D-V2 adaptive mesher. To cite this article: H. Borouchaki et al., C. R. Mecanique 330 (2002) 709–716.     

A three‐phase solvent extraction system combined with deep eutectic solvent‐based dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction for extraction of some organochlorine pesticides in cocoa samples prior to gas chromatography with electron capture detection

A sample pretreatment method based on the combination of a three‐phase solvent extraction system and deep eutectic solvent‐based dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction has been introduced for the extraction of four organochlorine pesticides in cocoa samples before their determination by gas chromatography‐electron capture detection. A mixture of sodium chloride, acetonitrile, and potassium hydroxide solution is added to cocoa bean or powder. After vortexing and centrifugation of the mixture, the collected upper phase (acetonitrile) is removed and mixed with a few microliters of N,N‐diethanol ammonium chloride: pivalic acid deep eutectic solvent. Then it is rapidly injected into deionized water and a cloudy solution is obtained. Under optimum conditions, the limits of detection and quantification were found to be 0.011‐0.031 and 0.036‐0.104 ng/g, respectively. The obtained extraction recoveries varied between 74 and 92%. Also, intra‐ (n = 6) and interday (n = 4) precisions were less than or equal to 7.1% for the studied pesticides at a concentration of 0.3 ng/g of each analyte. The suggested method was applied to determine the studied organochlorine pesticide residues in various cocoa powders and beans gathered from groceries in Tabriz city (Iran) and aldrin and dichlobenil were found in some of them.     

A non-adapted sparse approximation of PDEs with stochastic inputs

We propose a method for the approximation of solutions of PDEs with stochastic coefficients based on the direct, i.e., non-adapted, sampling of solutions. This sampling can be done by using any legacy code for the deterministic problem as a black box. The method converges in probability (with probabilistic error bounds) as a consequence of sparsity and a concentration of measure phenomenon on the empirical correlation between samples. We show that the method is well suited for truly high-dimensional problems.     

Averaging Versus Chaos in Turbulent Transport?

In this paper we analyze the transport of passive tracers by deterministic stationary incompressible flows which can be decomposed over an infinite number of spatial scales without separation between them. It appears that a low order dynamical system related to local Peclet numbers can be extracted from these flows and it controls their transport properties. Its analysis shows that these flows are strongly self-averaging and super-diffusive: the delay (r) for any finite number of passive tracers initially close to separate till a distance r is almost surely anomalously fast ( (r) r^2–, with > 0). This strong self-averaging property is such that the dissipative power of the flow compensates its convective power at every scale. However as the circulation increases in the eddies the transport behavior of the flow may (discontinuously) bifurcate and become ruled by deterministic chaos: the self-averaging property collapses and advection dominates dissipation. When the flow is anisotropic a new formula describing turbulent conductivity is identified.     

双光束组合激光辐照光导型CdS光电探测器的实验研究

为研究波段内和波段外组合激光对光导型光电探测器的辐照效应,实验采用532nm(波段内)和1319nm(波段外)双光束组合连续激光辐照光导型CdS光电探测器,分别改变两束激光的辐照功率,得到探测器的电压响应曲线。实验结果表明,光电探测器对波段内和波段外激光都有响应,但在激光开始和停止辐照瞬间探测器对两束激光的响应电压刚好相反。探测器对波段外激光的电压响应随线性工作区间内的波段内激光功率升高而增大;随着波段内激光趋于饱和,对波段外激光的响应电压近似指数级下降。分析认为,光电探测器对波段外激光的响应为光激发热载流子效应,是由自由载流子吸收激光能量产生带内跃迁引起的;波段内激光辐照影响探测器对波段外激光的吸收系数。     

激光辐照下复合材料树脂基热分解3维温度场模型

 采用控制体积法,从质量和能量守恒角度,推导了激光辐照下复合材料树脂基热分解时温度变化的基本方程。用多步模型描述树脂的热分解反应。提出了热分解气体的1维运动假设,这使得可以在3维情况下考虑热分解气体对流传输的影响,且在不引入力学量的前提下实现3维温度场模型的封闭。考虑到树脂基复合材料的各向异性,对部分分解材料的导热率计算公式进行了推导,并重新推导了部分分解材料对激光的吸收系数计算公式。在一定的简化下,推导的能量守恒方程与文献结果一致。     

(Cu/Ni)–Al layered double hydroxides@Fe3O4 as efficient magnetic nanocomposite photocatalyst for visible-light degradation of methylene blue

Research on Chemical Intermediates - A new magnetic nanocomposite based on layered double hydroxides (LDHs) was synthesized by coprecipitation of (Cu/Ni)–Al LDHs and nano-Fe3O4 and...     

The stresses in single lap joints with a functionally graded adhesive bondline: an efficient modelling approach

In this work, an efficient analytical model for the stress analysis of single lap joints with a functionally graded adhesive bondline is proposed which considers peel as well as shear stresses in the adhesive. The model takes into account the nonlinear geometric characteristics of a single lap joint under tensile loading and allows for the analysis of various adhesive Young's modulus variations. The obtained stress distributions are compared to results of detailed Finite Element analyses and show a good agreement for several single lap joint configurations. In addition, different adhesive Young's modulus distributions and their effect on the peel and shear stresses are studied and discussed in detail. (© 2016 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)