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1.
Polymers for DNA delivery 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Nucleic acid delivery has many applications in basic science, biotechnology, agriculture, and medicine. One of the main applications is DNA or RNA delivery for gene therapy purposes. Gene therapy, an approach for treatment or prevention of diseases associated with defective gene expression, involves the insertion of a therapeutic gene into cells, followed by expression and production of the required proteins. This approach enables replacement of damaged genes or expression inhibition of undesired genes. Following two decades of research, there are two major methods for delivery of genes. The first method, considered the dominant approach, utilizes viral vectors and is generally an efficient tool of transfection. Attempts, however, to resolve drawbacks related with viral vectors (e.g., high risk of mutagenicity, immunogenicity, low production yield, limited gene size, etc.), led to the development of an alternative method, which makes use of non-viral vectors. This review describes non-viral gene delivery vectors, termed "self-assembled" systems, and are based on cationic molecules, which form spontaneous complexes with negatively charged nucleic acids. It introduces the most important cationic polymers used for gene delivery. A transition from in vitro to in vivo gene delivery is also presented, with an emphasis on the obstacles to achieve successful transfection in vivo. 相似文献
2.
Chakrabarty Sankalpita Offen-Polak Inbal Burshtein Tomer Y. Farber Eliyahu M. Kornblum Lior Eisenberg David 《Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry》2021,25(1):159-171
Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - The urea oxidation reaction (UOR) is an important challenge in electrocatalysis, in the context of electrolyzers, fuel cells, medical sensing, and... 相似文献
3.
Compounds of the series PhnMe6–nSn2 were prepared and tested for their antifeedant effects against Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval) and Epilachna varivestis (Mulsant) larvae. In addition, phytotoxicity towards bean seedlings was measured. The most active compound against both Spodoptera and Epilachna was Ph3Me3Sn2. The compound at 50 mg dm?3 was comparatively innocuous in phytotoxicity tests against bean seedlings. 相似文献
4.
Given a central simple algebra A of degree 3 over a field of characteristic 3, we prove that there is a unique symmetric composition algebra extending the commutator operation on the trace-zero part modulo scalars. This is analogous to Okubo’s construction of symmetric composition algebras in the case of characteristic not 3. We apply the composition algebra tools to obtain a classification of maximal 3-central spaces and maximal Galois hyperplanes of A, and prove a new common slot lemma for such algebras. 相似文献
5.
Eliyahu Beller 《Israel Journal of Mathematics》1977,27(3-4):320-330
A generalization of the Blaschke product is constructed. This product enables one to factor out the zeros of the members of
certain non-Nevanlinna classes of functions analytic in the unit disc, so that the remaining (non-vanishing) functions still
belong to the same class. This is done for the classesA
−n (0<n<∞) andB
−n (0<n<2) defined as follows:f ∈A
−n iff |f(z)|≦C
f
(1−|z|)−n
,f ∈B
−n
iff |f(z)|≦exp {C
f
(1−|z|)−n
}, whereC
f
depends onf. 相似文献
6.
7.
The Soreq Applied Research Accelerator Facility (SARAF): Overview,research programs and future plans
Israel Mardor Ofer Aviv Marilena Avrigeanu Dan Berkovits Adi Dahan Timo Dickel Ilan Eliyahu Moshe Gai Inbal Gavish-Segev Shlomi Halfon Michael Hass Tsviki Hirsh Boaz Kaiser Daniel Kijel Arik Kreisel Yonatan Mishnayot Ish Mukul Ben Ohayon Michael Paul Amichay Perry Hitesh Rahangdale Jacob Rodnizki Guy Ron Revital Sasson-Zukran Asher Shor Ido Silverman Moshe Tessler Sergey Vaintraub Leo Weissman 《The European Physical Journal A - Hadrons and Nuclei》2018,54(5):91
8.
We present noise measurements on YBCO thin films in different conditions of magnetic field and driving current. Noise spectra for non-driven and driven cases (in the flux-creep region) evidence deep differences in vortex dynamics between these two regimes. For the driven case, the effect of applying magnetic field is a reduction in noise, which can be explained by the increase in the fraction of vortices that undergo flux-flow. For the non-driven case, magnetic field has no significative influence on noise, probably due to the absence of Lorentz force that causes coherent movement of vortices. For all magnetic fields studied in this work (0-154 mT) the effect of increasing current is an increase of noise, which is in contrast to the results from other authors. This behavior can be explained by an increase of current induced vortex-antivortex annihilation events. We propose that driven noise has a non-monotonic behavior due to the competition between annihilation events and driving force which causes opposite effects on noise. 相似文献
9.
The maximal isotropic subspaces in split Cayley algebras were classified by van der Blij and Springer in Nieuw Archief voor Wiskunde VIII(3):158–169, 1960. Here we translate this classification to arbitrary composition algebras. We study intersection properties of such spaces in a symmetric composition algebra, and prove two triality results: one for two-D isotropic spaces, and another for isotropic vectors and maximal isotropic spaces. We bound the distance between isotropic spaces of various dimensions, and study the strong orthogonality relation on isotropic vectors, with its own bound on the distance. The results are used to classify maximal p-central subspaces in central simple algebras of degree p = 3. We prove various linkage properties of maximal p-central spaces and p-central elements. Analogous results are obtained for symmetric p-central elements with respect to an involution of the second kind inverting a third root of unity. 相似文献
10.
Eliyahu Matzri 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2008,136(6):1925-1931
In 1982 Rowen and Saltman proved that every division algebra which is split by a dihedral extension of degree of the center, odd, is in fact cyclic. The proof requires roots of unity of order in the center. We show that for , this assumption can be removed. It then follows that , the -torsion part of the Brauer group, is generated by cyclic algebras, generalizing a result of Merkurjev (1983) on the and torsion parts.