纯引力轨道验证质量辐射计效应分析

纯引力轨道飞行器在精密导航、重力场测量以及基础科学研究等方面具有重要意义,辐射计效应是纯引力轨道验证质量的重要干扰力之一．针对内编队重力场测量系统,利用解析和数值计算相结合的方法,分析了内卫星辐射计效应与内编队系统参数的关系,并给出了适宜于工程计算的内卫星辐射计效应近似函数及其修正因子．分析可知,内卫星辐射计效应与腔体平均压力成正比,与腔体平均温度成反比;随腔体温差的增加而增加,随外卫星腔体半径的增加存在极小值,并且取极小值时外卫星腔体半径和内卫星半径比为常数1.189 4,这一常数是由内外卫星的球形腔体构型决定的,与腔体内温度和压力无关．当内外卫星半径比大于10时,可认为外卫星腔体充分大,此时内卫星辐射计效应与内卫星半径的平方近似成正比,随外卫星腔体半径的变化可忽略．     

Analysis of radiometer effect on proof mass in purely gravitational orbit

Spacecrafts with the pure gravity environment are of great significance in precision navigation,gravity field measurement for celestial bodies,and basic physics experiments.The radiometer effect is one of the important interfering factors on the proof mass in a purely gravitational orbit.For the gravity field measurement system based on the inner-formation flying,the relationship between the radiometer effect on the innersatellite and the system parameters is studied by analytical and numerical methods.An approximate function of the radiometer effect suitable for the engineering computation and the correction factor are obtained.The analytic results show that the radiometer effect on the inner-satellite is proportional to the average pressure while inversely proportional to the average temperature in the outer-satellite cavity.The radiometer effect increases with the temperature difference in the cavity,and its minimum exists when the cavity radius increases.When the minimum of the radiometer effect arrives,the ratio of the cavity radius to the inner-satellite radius is 1.189 4.This constant is determined by the spherical cavity configuration and independent of the temperature and pressure distributions.When the ratio of the cavity radius to the inner-satellite radius is more than 10,it is believed that the cavity is large enough,the radiometer effect is approximately proportional to the square of the inner-satellite radius,and the influence of the outer-satellite cavity radius on the radiometer effect can be ignored.     

太空授课中奇妙现象背后的科学原理

<正>宇宙在人类心中一直是亘古不变的谜题。大自然的鬼斧神工,让我们渺如沧海一粟,但不得不承认,人类对未知的事物有着天生的探索精神。从亚里士多德到康德,从托勒密到哥白尼,无论哲学家还是天文学家,都对宇宙产生了浓厚的兴趣,并取得了大量的研究成果,布鲁诺甚至因此献出了生命。为了解宇宙背后的秘密,人类经历了远古图腾崇拜的迷雾,又度过     

纯引力轨道检验质量的相对测量技术

纯引力轨道是物体在太空仅受引力作用的运行轨道, 通过构造纯引 力轨道, 可实现超高精度的空间引力探测, 也可为科学实验提供超稳定卫星 平台. 作为纯引力轨道构造的核心, 检验质量的相对测量不仅提供了部分任 务科学数据, 还为航天器平台的跟踪控制提供输入. 首先, 描述了纯引力轨道 的概念内涵, 总结了它在卫星重力测量、引力波探测等方面的应用情况. 其 次, 综述了不同任务对相对测量的需求, 给出了电容式测量、磁感应测量和 光学测量的原理, 总结了各自的优缺点. 根据检验质量的姿态运动, 将检验质 量质心相对状态解算问题分为3 类, 给出了基于检验质量姿态动力学与表面 建模的典型解算模型和质心速度估计方法. 最后分析了非引力干扰的理论计 算、地面实验验证和在轨实验验证问题.