基于修正压力场理论的再生混凝土梁抗剪承载力计算方法研究

基于修正压力场理论分析有腹筋再生混凝土梁的剪切破坏机理,建立了更接近有腹筋再生混凝土梁实际受力的抗剪模型,并通过考虑再生骨料有效粒径和受箍筋作用下的裂缝宽度与构件裂缝处应力的联系,分析了再生骨料咬合力对梁斜截面抗剪性能的影响,提出了再生混凝土梁极限抗剪承载力的计算方法。此外,本文将理论结果与课题组自制的6根再生混凝土梁的抗剪承载力试验结果进行了对比,理论值与试验值吻合较好,验证了本文方法的有效性,从而为设计人员提供了一种预测再生混凝土梁极限抗剪承载力的计算方法。     

二元混合制冷剂CO2/R600的气液相平衡研究

采用PR状态方程及其混合法则对不同配比的二元混合制冷剂CO2/R600的气液相平衡进行了计算,将计算结果与相关文献数据进行了比对。结果表明,该文的计算结果与文献数据吻合较好,推算方法可用于CO2/R600混合制冷剂的基本热物性预测。     

ARGET ATRP 与ROP 结合制备pH 响应两亲性聚合物分子刷及其自组装研究

结合电子转移活化剂再生-原子转移自由基聚合(ARGET ATRP)和开环聚合(ROP)法合成了一种具有无规疏水/ pH 响应结构的两亲性聚合物分子刷聚(甲基丙烯酸聚丙交酯酯-co-甲基丙烯酸)-b-聚甲基丙烯酸单甲氧基聚乙二醇酯 [P(PLAMA-co-MAA)-b-PPEGMA]. 通过核磁共振氢谱(¹H NMR)和凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)表征了聚合物的结构、分子量及分子量分布. 优化了反应条件并合成出分子量可控、分子量分布窄的聚合产物. 采用动态光散射法(DLS)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究了聚合物分子刷在水溶液中自组装胶束的粒径、形貌及pH 响应行为. P(PLAMA-co-MAA)-b-PPEGMA 自组装形成粒径分布均匀的球形胶束. 且随着溶液pH 值从7 降低至3, 胶束中的PMAA 逐渐去离子化, 溶胀的胶束逐渐收缩, 粒径由200～300 nm 减小至150 nm 左右; 但当pH 值减小到2 以下, 胶束表面电荷量非常小, 胶束聚集, 使得粒径增大.     

Numerical analyses of rectangular micro-textures in hydrodynamic lubrication regime for sliding contacts

Hydrodynamic lubrication of rectangular micro-textures on sliding contact surfaces is investigated using numerical calculation methods. The theoretical models for the slider surface are developed and the film pressure is used to evaluate the hydrodynamic lubrication based on the Reynolds equation. Meanwhile, the geometry and distribution of the rectangular dimples are optimized for maximizing the average film pressure. Results show that the film pressure is dependent on the geometry and distribution of the rectangular micro-dimples. The optimal geometry of the single rectangular dimple is obtained, and the spacing has an important influence on the film pressure. The distribution types of rectangular dimples affect the hydrodynamic lubrication significantly and the interlaced array of the rectangular micro-dimples is beneficial to enhancing the hydrodynamic lubrication. Meanwhile, the rectangular dimples with 72° interlaced angle exhibits the best effectivity.

     

水流翻石问题与水流切割

修建水电站需要进行大江截流，在截流的最后关头——龙口合拢时，常常会在电视画面上看到，载重卡车上抛下的巨大混凝土石块被水流冲走的镜头．在人们的想象中，水是柔软的，水流的力量是不大的，所谓“柔情似水”，实际上却能冲走巨大的石块，实在让人惊叹．     

对一道习题的商榷

下面要谈的习题选自《无机化学习题精解》[1] 。原题及解答如下 :　　煤和由煤与水气反应 (C(s) +H2 O(g) =H2 (g) +CO(g) )而得到的水煤气 (CO与H2 的等物质的量混合物 )都可用做燃料 ,设煤含碳 80 %,其余可燃成分忽略不计。试通过计算说明 ,在实际应用上以水煤气代替煤做燃料有什么优缺点 ?(提示 :在任何能量转换的过程中 ,总会有一些能量变成热 ,扩散到环境中 ,例如欲往某体系输入X/kJ的能量 ,实际上需要提供的热量要远大于X/kJ。)　　解 :以 1mol碳计算。　　C(s) +O2 (g) =CO2 (g)　ΔrHm/kJ·mol-1=- 393.5　　若以水煤气代…     

Total Syntheses of Heliannuols: An Overview

Nature has always been recognized as a rich source for the identification of new drug candidates. Heliannuols have drawn wide attention because of their interesting structural scaffolds and biological potential. Biological evaluation has shown that heliannuols have the allelopathic activity and may be used as lead compounds in herbicides. The synthesis of this family of molecules has always been challenging because of their unique scaffold and multiple chiral centers. Up to now, there have been 32 synthetic routes toward these kinds of natural compounds and a mini-review; however, the synthesis of heliannuols F, I, and J have not been reported yet. Many different strategies such Julia coupling, Dickman condensation, ring-closing metasis, ring contraction or expansion, rearrangement, and intramolecular epoxide opening have been employed in these syntheses. More efficient and highly enantiocontrolled and ecofriendly strategies should be developed for sustainable chemistry.     

潜伏性热释放型微胶囊固化剂2苯基咪唑-聚甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯的结构表征与性能研究

以2-苯基咪唑(2PZ)为芯材,聚甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(PGMA)为壁材,采用溶剂挥发技术,成功地制备了一种新型潜伏性热释放型微胶囊固化剂2PZ-PGMA。通过FT-IR、TGA、SEM、粒度分析和DSC对微胶囊固化剂的化学结构、芯材含量、表面形貌、粒径分布及固化性能等进行了表征。所制备的微胶囊固化剂表面光滑,粒径分布较窄,平均粒径为约17.6μm,壁材厚度为约1.1μm,芯材2PZ含量为20.1(wt)%。由微胶囊固化剂与环氧树脂E-51制备的单组分胶粘剂,具有优良的固化特性、潜伏性能和粘接性能,可在100℃下30min内实现固化,室温储存期达33d以上,拉伸剪切强度达15.36MPa。