Dual Fluorometric Detection of Fe3+ and Hg2+ Ions in an Aqueous Medium Using Carbon Quantum Dots as a “Turn-off” Fluorescence Sensor

The present study aimed to develop a carbon dots-based fluorescence (FL) sensor that can detect more than one pollutant simultaneously in the same aqueous solution. The carbon dots-based FL sensor has been prepared by employing a facile hydrothermal method using citric acid and ethylenediamine as precursors. The as-synthesized CDs displayed excellent hydrophilicity, good photostability and blue fluorescence under UV light. They have been used as an efficient “turn-off” FL sensor for dual sensing of Fe³⁺ and Hg²⁺ ions in an aqueous medium with high sensitivity and selectivity through a static quenching mechanism. The lowest limit of detection (LOD) for Fe³⁺ and Hg²⁺ ions was found to be 0.406 µM and 0.934 µM, respectively over the concentration range of 0-50 µM. Therefore, the present work provides an effective strategy to monitor the concentration of Fe³⁺ and Hg²⁺ ions simultaneously in an aqueous medium using environment-friendly CDs.

Graphical Abstract

     

Preparation and evaluation of nickelmesogen for micropacked gas chromatography

The preparation and mesomorphic properties of a substituted bis(dithiolene)nickel complex derived from 4, 4'-dimethoxybenzil are reported. The phase transition temperatures were based on data obtained by polarized light microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. The mesogenic phase existed over the temperature range from 77 to 175 degrees C. A novel micropacked column (1.5 or 3 m x 1 mm i.d.) prepared from the slurry of bis[1,2-bis(4-n-undecyloxyphenyl)ethane-1,2-dithiolene] nickel(II) (5%, w/w), coated on Chromosorb W was applied for the separation of dialkyl sulfides. The non-linearity (discontinuity) of Van't Hoff plots suggests that the liquid crystal property existed even in the coated phase. Factors affecting the retention and the sample selectivity on the prepared column were examined by using a flame photometric detector (FPD). The separation might be based on the mechanism of ligand exchange, shape selectivity and polarity interaction besides the vapor pressure. LOD for the determination of dialkyl sulfides was below 1 ng for most of the analytes.     

Semiclassical statistical mechanics of two-dimensional hard-body fluids

The problem of calculating the thermodynamic properties of two-dimensional semiclassical hard-body fluids is studied. Explicit expressions are given for the first-order quantum corrections to the free energy, equation of state, and virial coefficients. The numerical results are calculated for the planar hard dumbbell fluid. Significant features are the increase in quantum corrections with increasing eta and increasing L*=L/sigma(0).     

A samarium cyclooctatetraene complex as catalyst for hydroamination/cyclisation catalysis

The cyclooctatetraene-bis(phosphinimino)methanide complex [[CH(PPh2NSiMe3)2]Sm(eta8-C8H8)] has been prepared; although this compound has no alkyl or amide ligand it shows moderate activity as a catalyst for the hydroamination/cyclisation reaction.     

Application of directed metalation in synthesis. Part 7: Synthesis of suitably functionalised benzo[b]thiophenes as key intermediates in the synthesis of benzothienopyranones

One-pot syntheses of (3-hydroxybenzo[b]thiophen-2-yl) aryl methanones from ortho-methylsulfanylaryl N,N-diethyl amides and of 1-(3-hydroxybenzo[b]thiophen-2-yl)ethanone and 1-(3-hydroxybenzo[b]thiophen-2-yl)propan-1-one via an anionic ortho-Fries rearrangement are described. The hydroxy ketones were used as key intermediates in the synthesis of benzothienopyranones.     

Zirconium(IV) Thorium(IV) and Dioxouranium(VI) Complexes of Salicylidene o-Aminobenzothiol

Salicylidene-o-aminobenzothiol and its 5-chloro and 5-bromo derivatives, dibasic tridentate Schiff bases, dervied from the condensation of o-aminothiol and Salicylaldehyde, 5-chloro salicylaldehyde and 5-bromo salicylaldehyde, were used for coordination with Zr(IV), Th(IV) and UO₂(VI) metal inos. The I:I (metal-ligand) stoichiometry of these complexes is shown by elemental analysis and conductometric titrations. Molecular structure of these complexes are proved by Infra-red spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. Magnetic susceptibility measurements of Zr(IV), Th(IV) and UO₂(VI) complexes show their diamagnetic and octahedral geometry. Results show that all the complexes have solvent molecules in coordination with metal ion.     

Bis(phosphinimino)methanides as ligands in divalent lanthanide and alkaline earth chemistry - synthesis, structure, and catalysis

Divalent bis(phosphinimino)methanide lanthanide complexes of composition [{(Me₃SiNPPh₂)₂CH}EuI(THF)]₂ and [{(Me₃SiNPPh₂)₂CH}YbI(THF)₂] have been prepared by a salt metathesis reactions of K{CH(PPh₂NSiMe₃)₂} and LnI₂. Further reactions of these complexes with [K(THF)_nN(PPh₂)₂] led selectively to the heteroleptic amido complexes [{(Me₃SiNPPh₂)₂CH}Ln{(Ph₂P)₂N}(THF)] (Ln = Eu, Yb). The ytterbium complex can also be obtained by reduction of [{CH(PPh₂NSiMe₃)₂}Yb{(Ph₂P)₂N}Cl] with elemental potassium. The single crystals of [{(Me₃SiNPPh₂)₂CH}Ln{(Ph₂P)₂N}(THF)] contain enantiomerically pure complexes. As a result of the similar ionic radii of the divalent lanthanides and the heavier alkaline earth metals some similarities in coordination chemistry of the bis(phosphinimino)methanide ligand were anticipated. Therefore, MI₂ (M = Ca, Sr, Ba) was reacted with K{CH(PPh₂NSiMe₃)₂} to give [{(Me₃SiNPPh₂)₂CH}CaI(THF)₂], [{(Me₃SiNPPh₂)₂CH}SrI(THF)]₂, and [{(Me₃SiNPPh₂)₂CH}BaI(THF)₂]₂, respectively. As expected the Sr and Eu complexes and the Ca and Yb complexes are very similar, whereas for the Ba compound, as a result of the large ion radius, a different coordination sphere is observed. For all new complexes the solid-state structures were established by single crystal X-ray diffraction. In the solid-state the {CH(PPh₂NSiMe₃)₂}⁻ ligand acts as tridentate donor forming a long methanide carbon metal bond. Thus, all complexes presented can be considered as organometallic compounds. [{(Me₃SiNPPh₂)₂CH}YbI(THF)₂] was also used as precatalyst for the intramolecular hydroamination/cyclization reaction of different aminoalkynes and aminoolefines. Good yields but moderate activities were observed.     

Rearrangements of N-alkyl-/aryl-nitrones derived from 4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran-3-carboxaldehyde--a solvent-dependent process

C-(4-Oxo-4H-1-benzopyran-3-yl)-N-alkyl-/aryl-nitrones derived from 4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran-3-carboxaldehyde, rearrange to 2-alkyl-/aryl-amino-3-formylchromone and/or 3-(alkyl-/aryl-aminomethylene)chroman-2,4-dione depending upon the reaction medium. 3-(Alkylaminomethylene)chroman-2,4-dione has been utilized in the synthesis of 1-benzopyrano[3,4-d]isoxazole-4-one.     

A Simple Alkylative 1,2-Carbonyl Transposition of Cyclohexenones

Acid catalysed dehydration of the diols 5 , derived from the cyclohexenone 3 affords mixtures of 8 and 11 . The product ratio 8/11 , although strongly dependent on both the reaction conditions and the substituent R, is independent of the diol configuration; this indicates a cationic intermediate 6 . Conditions were found, which allow the sequence A → B → C → D (Scheme 2) to be applied to the syntheses of the enones 8, 21 and 25 in fair to good yields from the corresponding cyclohexenones 3, 18 and 22 .     

High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatographic Determination of Satranidazole in its Dosage Form

JPC – Journal of Planar Chromatography – Modern TLC - A high-performance thin-layer chromatographic method has been developed for determination of a new antiamoebic drug, satranidazole,...