Evolutionary Development and Structural Diversity of Natural Antimicrobial Peptides,Peptidometics, and Cationic Amphiphiles Based on Amino Acids

Russian Journal of General Chemistry - The review article traces the main trends of the synthetic approach to the solution of the problem of overcoming the resistance of pathogenic bacterial...     

Filters compatible with isomorphism testing

Like the lower central series of a nilpotent group, filters generalize the connection between nilpotent groups and graded Lie rings. However, unlike the case with the lower central series, the associated graded Lie ring may share few features with the original group: e.g. the associated Lie ring can be trivial or arbitrarily large. We determine properties of filters such that every isomorphism between groups is induced by an isomorphism between graded Lie rings.     

Optimization of Transducer Location for Novel Non-Intrusive Methodologies of Diagnosis in Diesel Engines

The health monitoring has been studied to ensure integrity of design of engine structure by detection, quantification, and prediction of damages. Early detection of faults may allow the downtime of maintenance to be rescheduled, thus preventing sudden shutdown of machines. In cylinder pressure developed, vibrations and noise emissions data provide a rich source of information about condition of engines. Monitoring of vibrations and noise emissions are novel non-intrusive methodologies for which positioning of various transducers are important issue. The presented work shows applicability of these diagnosis methodologies adopted in case of diesel engines. The effects of changing various fuel injection parameters was analyzed. Scope of using non-intrusive technique has been analyzed by changing locations of microphone. Novelty of this worklies in exploring signal processing methods for various locations around the engine test set up. Various frequency ranges of contributing noise and vibration sources were identified. Time-Frequency analysis showed the onset of various cyclic. Based on the identification of various frequency bands, it is possible to device suitable filters in order to extract more information.     

Electron Energy-Loss Spectroscopy Study of the Change in the Free-Electron Density in Thin Superconducting NbN Films under Ion-Beam Irradiation

The change in the free-electron density in ultrathin (5 nm) superconducting NbN films in the initial state and after irradiation by O⁺ ions to doses of (0.1–0.9) × 10¹⁷ cm^–2 has been studied by electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS). The analysis has been performed on cross section samples prepared by the focused ion beam method, using plasmon oscillations with energies up to 50 eV. The radiation-induced replacement of nitrogen atoms with oxygen atoms in niobium nitride is found to change the electrical properties of the material, which leads to a decrease in the free-electron density with an increase in the irradiation dose.     

Integral Representations of the Large and Little Schröder Numbers

In the paper, the authors establish several integral representations for the generating functions of the large and little Schröder numbers and for the large and little Schröder numbers.     

Unfamiliar Aspects of Bäcklund Transformations and an Associated Degasperis–Procesi Equation

We summarize the results of our recent work on Bäcklund transformations (BTs), particularly focusing on the relation between BTs and infinitesimal symmetries. We present a BT for an associated Degasperis–Procesi (aDP) equation and its superposition principle and investigate the solutions generated by applying this BT. Following our general methodology, we use the superposition principle of the BT to generate the infinitesimal symmetries of the aDP equation.