基于色彩衰减补偿和Retinex的水下图像增强

针对水下图像存在的色偏、雾状模糊、低曝光和非均匀光照问题, 提出一种基于色彩衰减补偿和Retinex的水下图像增强算法. 首先, 为校正水下图像的色偏, 利用水体对不同波长光线衰减不一致的特性自适应地补偿其R、G、B通道. 然后, 使用基于多尺度导向滤波的Retinex去除雾状模糊, 增强对比度. 最后, 根据水下图像和自然图像的直方图分布特征对其进行归一化处理, 从而在保存图像主要信息的前提下增强其纹理和曝光. 实验结果表明, 该算法不但具有较优的视觉感知效果, 而且具有较高的图像质量评价分数. 该算法具有较强的适应性, 有助于计算机视觉算法在水下的应用.     

Mesh stiffness modelling and dynamic simulation of helical gears with tooth crack propagation

Meccanica - In order to identify gear crack failure, modelling the mesh stiffness of a cracked tooth is crucial. In this study, an analytical model of the mesh stiffness for cracked helical gears...     

Analytical models of mesh stiffness for cracked spur gears considering gear body deflection and dynamic simulation

Meccanica - Accurate mesh stiffness models for cracked spur gears are critical to obtain gearbox failure characteristics. However, the influence of crack on gear body deflection is often ignored by...     

双金属银铜氧化物溴化刻蚀制备多孔纳米CuO及其硫化氢气体传感性能研究

基于CTAB对双金属银铜氧化物Ag₂Cu₂O_x的刻蚀及硫代硫酸钠溶解副产物AgBr的方法制备了两种多孔纳米CuO骨架结构,并且利用X射线衍射仪,X射线光电子能谱仪和洛伦兹透射电镜进一步研究了刻蚀机理,结果表明CuO有独特的形貌结构和更大的比表面积。利用所制备的氧化铜具有大孔隙和多位点的优势,开展了H₂S气体传感实验。实验结果显示,在150℃的较低温度下纳米CuO传感器对 500 ppb H₂S仍具有1.7(CuO-Ag₂Cu₂O₃)和1.3(CuO-Ag₂Cu₂O₄)的灵敏度值,响应和恢复时间短,具有良好的选择性和长期稳定性,未来还可以通过构建异质结或者贵金属修饰多孔氧化铜来进一步提高传感性能。     

Design,synthesis, and biological evaluation of the novel glycyrrhetinic acid-cinnamoyl hybrids as anti-tumor agents

Background

Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) derivatives had shown not only cytotoxicity but also could trigger apoptosis in various human cancer cell lines. Moreover, cinnamic acid (CA) and its phenolic analogues as potent antitumor agents were employed in the design of anti-tumor drugs. To further improve the anti-tumor activity of GA and CA derivatives, a series of novel compounds were designed and synthesized using GA and CA derivatives fragments.

Results

The result showed that all the novel glycyrrhetinic acid-cinnamoyl (GA–CA) hybrids presented higher antitumor activity on the tumor cell lines of HepG2, HT-29, Hela and lower cytotoxicity on three non-tumor cells lines MDCK, HY926, H9C2 than the parent compounds (IC₅₀ > 50 μM). It was worth noting that 8a had a superior cytotoxicity effect on Hela cells (IC₅₀ = 8.54 μM) than on other cancer cell lines (IC₅₀ > 15 μM). And it also indicated that 8a showed lower cytotoxicity (IC₅₀ > 27 μM) towards MDCK, HY926 and H9C2 cells than cisplatin (DDP, IC₅₀ < 10 μM). Moreover, according to the acute toxicity, it could be indicated that the LD₅₀ of 8a exceeded 3.0 g/kg by oral administration in mice. The further research using Giemsa, H33342 staining, flow cytometric analysis and caspase-3 assay showed that 8a could cause Hela cell damage, nuclei lysis and apoptosis. In addition, the structure–activity relationships of these hybrids were briefly discussed.

Conclusions

Compared with GA, target compounds demonstrated better anti-tumor activity, among which 8a was the most active one. What’s more, structure–activity relationship analysis also revealed that hybrids with trans olefinic bond group show higher antitumor activity than those without olefinic bond, such as 1a > 1b, 6a > 2b, 8a > 3b, 9a > 4b. In addition, it was found that the methoxy substituent might enhance selectivity of GA–CA hybrids towards regular non-cancerous cells MDCK, HY926 and H9C2, such as 4a, 6a, 7a, 8a. However, there might be less relationship between the cytotoxicity and the quantity, position of methoxy moiety. Hence, it is urgent need to synthesize efficient, low toxicity and multi-target anti-tumor compounds based on the structure combination principle.

     

An original numerical calculation method for impacting contact model of spur gear under lightly loaded condition

Meccanica - In this study, an impacting contact model of spur gear under lightly loaded condition is constructed by considering the pinion and the wheel as rigid body, in which the lubricant is...     

Phosphine‐Catalyzed (3+2) Annulation of Isoindigos with Allenes: Enantioselective Formation of Two Vicinal Quaternary Stereogenic Centers

Construction of contiguous all‐carbon quaternary stereogenic centers is a long‐standing challenge in synthetic organic chemistry. In this report, a phosphine‐catalyzed enantioselective (3+2) annulation reaction between allenes and isoindigos, containing either two identical or different oxindole moieties, is introduced as a powerful strategy for the construction of spirocyclic bisindoline alkaloid core structures. The reported reactions feature high chemical yields, excellent enantioselectivities, and very good regioselectivities, and are highly useful for creating structurally challenging bisindoline natural products.