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Raffaele Resta 《International journal of quantum chemistry》1978,14(2):171-179
The correlation holes in a finite system of any size are known to satisfy integral number–sum rules directly related to the N-representability of the reduced density matrices. In regard to infinite systems, the same rules are known to be satisfied in the electron gas. It is shown that the number–sum rules are not generally satisfied in any infinite system, and that this happens independently of the kind of boundary conditions assumed in the N → ∞ limit. A violation is explicitly found within the alternant molecular orbital formalism. The apparent paradox is explained in terms of surface effects (end effects in a linear system), which are present in a large, but finite system. In other words the N-representability does not imply the number–sum rules. In the N → ∞ limit the rules are satisfied only in physical systems having short-range correlation. 相似文献
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Paleari R Ceriotti F Azzario F Maccioni L Galanello R Mosca A 《Bioelectrochemistry (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2004,62(2):175-179
An immunologically mediated pathway has been largely accepted to be one of the mechanisms involved in the clearance of senescent or prematurely damaged RBC. According to this pathway, RBC removal is mediated by binding of naturally occurring IgG to clustered integral membrane proteins, followed by complement deposition. The validation of an immunoenzymatic method for the detection of RBC-bound autologous IgG is presented. The use of RBC-bound IgG as an index related to red cell age was evaluated by measuring IgG binding in RBC treated with the clustering agent ZnCl2, in density fractionated RBC and in a selected group of patients expected to have an altered RBC life span. The immunoenzymatic method for IgG detection resulted to be reproducible (CV = 3.4%). IgG binding to in vitro clustered RBC was found to be enhanced to a very great extent, about 20 times higher with respect to untreated RBC. A slight but significant increase (about 1.8-fold) in membrane-bound IgG was observed in the highest density fraction of normal RBC, which constituted 1% of the total cells. A significantly greater number of RBC-bound IgG was measured in splenectomized beta-thalassemia intermedia patients and in subjects with secondary decreases in the C3 complement fraction concentration. 相似文献
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Amidoalkyl radicals, generated from amides by Mn(OAc)3 in acetic acid react with phenyl substituted alkenes to generate five-membered lactones or lactams. Ultrasound at ambient temperature significantly accelerates these single electron transfer reactions even when compared with conventional conditions under reflux or simple mechanical stirring. In some cases sonication leads to unusual products. 相似文献
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Pineschi M Bertolini F Haak RM Crotti P Macchia F 《Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)》2005,(11):1426-1428
A conceptually new, simple and practical method for the syn-nucleophilic displacement of aryl and vinyl epoxides and aryl aziridines with (substituted) phenols, using aryl borates as activating nucleophiles under neutral conditions, is reported. 相似文献
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A. M. Laera V. Resta M. C. Ferrara M. Schioppa E. Piscopiello L. Tapfer 《Journal of nanoparticle research》2011,13(11):5705-5717
Efficient solar energy conversion is strongly related to the development of new materials with enhanced functional properties.
In this context, a wide variety of inorganic, organic, or hybrid nanostructured materials have been investigated. In particular,
in hybrid organic–inorganic nanocomposites are combined the convenient properties of organic polymers, such as easy manipulation
and mechanical flexibility, and the unique size-dependent properties of nanocrystals (NCs). However, applications of hybrid
nanocomposites in photovoltaic devices require a homogeneous and highly dense dispersion of NCs in polymer in order to guarantee
not only an efficient charge separation, but also an efficient transport of the carriers to the electrodes without recombination.
In previous works, we demonstrated that cadmium thiolate complexes are suitable precursors for the in situ synthesis of nanocrystalline
CdS. Here, we show that the soluble [Cd(SBz)2]2·(1-methyl imidazole) complex can be efficiently annealed in a conjugated polymer obtaining a nanocomposite with a regular
and compact network of NCs. The proposed synthetic strategies require annealing temperatures well below 200 °C and short time
for the thermal treatment, i.e., less than 30 min. We also show that the same complex can be used to synthesize CdS NCs in
mesoporous TiO2. The adsorption of cadmium thiolate molecule in TiO2 matrix can be obtained by using chemical bath deposition technique and subsequent thermal annealing. The use of NCs, quantum
dots, as sensitizers of TiO2 matrices represents a very promising alternative to common dye-sensitized solar cells and an interesting solution for heterogeneous
photocatalysis. 相似文献