高固相含量纳米ITO水基浆料流变性能的研究

以PAA为分散剂制备高固相含量纳米ITO水基浆料,研究了pH值、分散剂用量、固相含量对浆料流变性能的影响.结果表明:PAA对改善纳米ITO粉体的表面电动特性有显著作用,PAA的加入使粉体Zeta电位从-16mV降到-38 mV;高固相含量的浆料均呈现出明显的剪切变稀行为;浆料粘度随固相含量增加而急剧增大;最佳的PAA用量及pH值范围分别为0.06 mg/m2和10～11.55wt;固相含量的浆料在150 s-1剪切速率下粘度为0.38 Pa·s,以此为原料采用胶态成型技术制备出微观结构均匀的ITO陶瓷素坯.     

First-principles study of the (Cu_xNi_(1-x))_3 Sn precipitations with different structures in Cu–Ni–Sn alloys

The structural parameters, the formation energies, and the elastic and thermodynamic properties of the(Cu_xNi_(1-x))_3Sn phase with different structures are studied by the virtual crystal approximation(VCA) and super-cell(SC) methods. The lattice constants, formation energies, and elastic constants obtained by SC and VCA are generally consistent with each other. It can be inferred that the VCA method is suitable for(Cu_xNi_(1-x))_3Sn ordered phase calculation. The calculated results show that the equilibrium structures of Cu_3Sn and Ni_3Sn are D0 a and D0_(19) respectively.(Cu_xNi_(1-x))_3Sn-D0_3 with various components are the metastable phase at temperature of 0 K, just as D0_(22) and L1_2. With the temperature increase,the free energy of the D0_3 is lower than those of D0_(22) and L1_2, and D0_(22) and L1_2 eventually turn into D0_3 in the aging process. The(Cu_xNi_(1-x))_3Sn-D0_(22) is first precipitated in a solid solution because its structure and cell volume are most similar to those of a solid solution matrix. The L1_2 and the D0_(22) possess better mechanical stability than the D0_3. Also,they may play a more important role in the strengthening of Cu–Ni–Sn alloys. This study is valuable for further research on Cu–Ni–Sn alloys.