Synthesis and characterization of organophosphoryl polyoxotungstates [RP(O)]2X n+W11O39 (8−n)− (X n+ = P5+, Si4+, Ge4+, Ga3+)

In the presence of n-Bu₄NBr acting as phase-transfer reagent, n-Bu₄N⁺ salts of organophosphoryl polyoxotungstate derivatives [RP(O)]₂X ⁿ⁺W₁₁O₃₉ ^(8–n)– [R = PhCH₂CH₂P(O), X = P, Si; R = C₆H₁₁P(O); X = Ge, Ga] have been prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, i.r., ³¹P- and ¹⁸³W-n.m.r. spectroscopy. According to the elemental analysis and spectroscopic data, the hybrid anions consist of an -[XW₁₁O₃₉] framework on which are grafted two equivalent organophosphoryl groups through P—O—W bridges; these new species still retain the Keggin structure. The six-line ¹⁸³W spectrum indicates that hybrid anions possess C _s symmetry in MeCN.     

氟烷基化和氟烷氧基化的研究18.2-卤四氟碘乙烷与含氮亲核试剂的反应

2-卤四氟碘乙烷[1,XCF_2CF_2I,(X=Cl或l)]能与多种亲核试剂按自由基或亲卤机理反应。1在没有溶剂时,于室温下,可以和胺作用迅速形成分子络合物。本文则进一步报道1与含氮亲核试剂在各种溶剂中反应的结果。     

Construction and visible-light photocatalytic performance of carboxyethyltin/transition metal–functionalized wheel-like tungstophosphates

The wheel-like tungstophosphate ([P₈W₄₈O₁₈₄]⁴⁰⁻, abbreviated as P₈W₄₈) reacted with estertin trichloride (Cl₃SnRCH₃, R = CH₂CH₂COO) in aqueous solution, resulting in a new wheel-like polyoxometalate (POM) containing six SnR fragments, formulated as K₆Na₂₄[{(SnR(H₂O))₂(μ-OH)(μ-SnR(H₂O))}₂(P₈W₄₈O₁₈₄)]·59H₂O (abbreviated as Sn ₆ - P ₈ W ₄₈ ). Based on this, the transition metal (TM) was further introduced into the Sn ₆ - P ₈ W ₄₈ system, self-assembling three other wheel-like POMs with the general formula K_xNa_yH_{26 − x − y}[{TM(H₂O)₃(SnR(H₂O))₂(μ-OH)(μ-SnR(H₂O))}₂(P₈W₄₈O₁₈₄)]·nH₂O (abbreviated as TM ₂ - Sn ₆ - P ₈ W ₄₈ , TM = Mn, Co, Ni; x = 0, 1, 2; y = 19, 22, 15; n = 72, 85, 75, respectively). The structures of these new organometal and TM co-modified compounds were characterized using infrared, UV–Vis. spectroscopy, ¹¹⁹Sn NMR, and powder- and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The estertin precursor hydrolyzed into carboxyethyltin (SnR) fragment in these crystalline POM materials, which can improve their adhesion to titanium dioxide (TiO₂). The photocatalytic performance of Sn ₆ - P ₈ W ₄₈ , TM ₂ - Sn ₆ - P ₈ W ₄₈ , and their TiO₂ composites was examined by studying the degradation of a model dye pollutant Rhodamine B (RhB) under visible-light irradiation without adding hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), and the photocatalytic mechanism was also discussed. The experimental results show that the title compounds exhibit a quicker and better photocatalytic degradation effect on RhB compared with their parent compound, indicating that the introduced organotin groups play a significant role. Moreover, it was found that H₂O₂ was produced after illumination pretreatment for POM solution, promoting the photocatalytic reaction.     

Two New 1D Coordination Polymers Constructed from {M（H2O）（dpa）}^2＋ Subunits Bridged through [MoO4]^2- Anions （M = Copper,Cobalt and dpa = 2,2＇-Dipyridylamine）

Two new one-dimensional chain-like coordination polymers,[Cu（H2O）（dpa）- MoO4]·H2O 1 and [Co（H2O）（dpa）MoO4] 2,have been synthesized under hydrothermal reactions. Their structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Crystal data for 1： [Cu（H2O）（dpa）MoO4]·H2O,Mr = 430.71,monoclinic,space group P21/c,a = 9.5469（10）,b = 16.6874（17）,c = 9.0799（10）A,β = 104.9100（10）°,V = 1397.8（3）A^3,Z = 4,Dc = 2.047 g/cm^3,F（000） = 852,μ = 2.449 mm-1,the final R = 0.0293 and wR = 0.0638 for 2472 independent reflections （Rint = 0.0338） and 2034 observed reflections with I 〉 2σ（I）. Crystal data for 2： [Co- （H2O）（dpa）MoO4],Mr = 408.09,monoclinic,space group P21/c,a = 10.204（2）,b = 18.933（4）,c = 6.8875（16）A,β = 102.195（3）o,Z = 4,V = 1300.5（5）A^3,Z = 4,Dc = 2.084 g/cm3,F（000） = 804,μ = 2.262 mm-1,the final R = 0.0357 and wR = 0.0693 for 3022 independent reflections （Rint = 0.0436） and 2286 observed reflections （I 〉 2σ（I））. Polymer 1 is based on a one-dimensional zigzag chain built up from {Cu（H2O）（dpa）}2＋ units bridged through the bidentate {MoO4}2- ligands. The chains extending along the c-axis are arranged alternately with two opposite orientations along the b-axis. The adjacent chains are stably packed together through π-π interactions and exhibit an interesting three-dimensional supramolecular architecture via hydrogen bonding interactions. Polymer 2 based on a one-dimensional zonal chain is built up from {Co（H2O）（dpa）}2＋ units linked by the tridentate {MoO4}2- ligands. The ribbons extend along the c-axis. In the bc layers,there are significant interactions of N-H…O-Mo hydrogen bonds and π-π overlaps of dpa ligands between adjacent ribbons.     

A DFT Study on the Selective Extraction of Metallic Ions by 12-Crown-4

In order to predict the extraction ability of 12-crown-4 for different metallic ions, the complexes [M(12-crown-4)] and [M(H₂O)₄] (where M=Li⁺, Na⁺, K⁺, Be²⁺, Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺, Cu²⁺ and Zn²⁺) were investigated by the density functional theory without restrictions for their geometry. The metal binding capability was evaluated using the binding energy, and the effect of nature of the metal on the binding properties was also studied. The results of the calculations showed that the coordination ability of a donor molecule towards different metal ions increased in proportion to their ionization potential. In addition, based on the extraction distribution coefficient, we found that 12-crown-4 can selectively extract Cu²⁺ and Be²⁺ ions from aqueous solutions of mixed cations. Obviously, the stability of complexes and the extraction power of extractants depend greatly on the nature of the metal ions. Calculation results from our study could be used to predict the extraction power of this crown ether and could play a guiding role in planning experiments.     

α，α－二羰（酯）基烯酮二硫代缩醛化合物的碱性分解反应

在乙硫醇钾或醇钠（钾）作用下，α，α－二羰（酯）基烯酮二硫代缩醛（１）可能经由逆Ｃｌａｉｓｅｎ缩合历程生成相应的β，β－双烷硫基丙烯酸酯或α－羰基烯酮二硫代缩醛类化合物（２）。以醇钠（钾）为碱时，２的产率较低．用乙硫醇钾为碱时，２的产率可达６６％以上；本实验为化合物２的合成提供了一条简单、有效的途径．     

The Synthesis of Phosphonate Ester Containing Fluorinated Vinyl Ethers

Three novel perfluorovinyl ethers containing phosphonate ester groups, diethyl 1,1,2,2,3,3,5,6,6-nonafluoro-4-oxa-5-hexenylphosphonate, (EtO)(2)P(O)(CF(2))(3)OCF=CF(2) (1), diethyl 1,1,2,2,4,5,5-heptafluoro-3-oxa-4-pentenylphosphonate, (EtO)(2)P(O)(CF(2))(2)OCF=CF(2) (2), and diethyl 1,1,2,2,4,5,5,7,8,8-decafluoro-4-trifluoromethyl-3,6-dioxa-7-octenylphosphonate, CF(2)=CFOCF(2)CF(CF(3))O(CF(2))(2)P(O)(OEt)(2) (3), have been synthesized. Perfluorovinyl ethers 1 and 2 were synthesized from methyl 4-trifluoroethenoxy-2,2,3,3,4,4-hexafluorobutanoate and methyl 3-trifluoroethenoxy-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropanoate, respectively, while perfluorovinyl ether 3 was synthesized either from 5-trifluoroethenoxy-4-trifluoromethyl-3-oxa-1,1,2,2,4,5,5-heptafluoropentylsulfonyl fluoride or methyl 6-trifluoroethenoxy-5-trifluoromethyl-4-oxa-2,2,3,3,5,6,6-heptafluorohexanoate. The carboxylate esters were converted to the corresponding fluoroalkyl iodides via a free-radical iododecarboxylation. The sulfonyl fluoride was converted to its corresponding fluoroalkyl iodide via iododesulfination. The intermediate iodides were found to be useful precursors for the incorporation of the phosphonic ester groups via a photoreaction with tetraethyl pyrophosphite to produce diethyl fluorophosphonites. The diethyl fluorophosphonites were oxidized to the desired phosphonates, 1, 2, and 3, utilizing hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant. Moderate to good overall yields of perfluorovinyl ethers 1-3 have been achieved.     

Some inclusion relationships and integral-preserving properties of certain subclasses of meromorphic functions associated with a family of integral operators

The object of the present paper is to investigate a family of integral operators defined on the space of normalized meromorphic functions. By making use of these novel integral operators, we introduce and investigate several new subclasses of starlike, convex, close-to-convex, and quasi-convex meromorphic functions. In particular, we establish some inclusion relationships associated with the aforementioned integral operators. Several interesting integral-preserving properties are also considered.     

基于光程编码与相干合成的三维超分辨术

光学相干层析成像的轴向分辨率和横向分辨率是互为独立的,其轴向分辨率由系统光源带宽和探测光束的聚焦条件共同决定,而横向分辨率由系统样品臂的聚焦条件决定. 提高光学相干层析成像的轴向分辨率的方法主要基于宽带光源技术以及变迹术与相干门相结合的方法,而这些方法对于横向分辨率并没有提高. 提出了一种通过光程编码与相干合成的方法,可以同时提高其轴向分辨率和横向分辨率. 通过在光学相干层析成像系统的样品臂中加入光程编码分束器形成多种对应不同光程延迟的有效响应函数,基于光学相干层析成像术固有的光程分辨能力可以得到同一样品对应于不同有效响应函数的多幅图像. 通过数字控制不同有效响应函数的相对贡献对其进行相干合成,可以同时实现轴向和横向的超分辨效果. 与以前的方法相比,光程编码与相干合成方法简单易行、成本低廉,不仅可以避免系统复杂和价格昂贵等不足,而且可以同时较大幅度地提高系统的轴向分辨率和横向分辨率. 关键词： 光学相干层析成像 轴向超分辨 横向超分辨 光程编码     

Some properties of two subclasses of k-fold symmetric functions associated with Srivastava-Attiya operator

In the present paper, by using the Srivastava-Attiya operator, we define two new subclasses of k-fold symmetric analytic functions. Some interesting properties of these subclasses such as integral representations, extreme points, close convex hulls and subordinations are obtained, which generalize and refine some previous results.