Effect of the stagnation temperature on supersonic flow parameters: Application for air in nozzles

When the stagnation temperature of a perfect gas increases, the specific heats and their ratio do not remain constant any more and start to vary with this temperature. The gas remains perfect and its state equation always remains valid, except it will be called a calorically imperfect gas. The aim of this research is to develop the relations of the necessary thermodynamics and geometrical ratios and to study the supersonic flow at high temperature (lower than the threshold of dissociation). The results are found by the resolution of nonlinear algebraic equations and integration of complex analytical functions where the exact calculation is impossible. The dichotomy method is used to solve the nonlinear equation, and the Simpson algorithm is used for the numerical integration of the found integrals. A condensation of the nodes is used, since the functions to be integrated have a high gradient at the extremity of the interval of integration. A comparison is made with a calorifcally perfect gas to determine the error of this. An application is made for air in a supersonic nozzle. The text was submitted by the authors in English.     

Solution properties of phenothiazine drug promazine hydrochloride with cationic hydrotropes in aqueous/electrolyte solution at different temperature

The current work deals with the mixed micellization phenomena of surface active promazine hydrochloride (PMZ) drug with cationic hydrotropes (para‐toluidine hydrochloride and ortho‐toluidine hydrochloride) in absence and occurrence of 50 mmol kg^?1 NaCl at five different temperature (293.15–313.15 K). PMZ is an amphiphilic phenothiazine drug and employed for the cure of mania and schizophrenia. Conductometry measurement was employed to gain a detailed picture of the interactions between drug and hydrotrope molecules. The experimental data were analyzed according to different mixing models within the outline of the pseudophase separation model. The evaluated values of critical micelle concentration (cmc) were found to be inferior than cmc^id values signifying attractive interactions involving the both components in the solutions. NaCl further reduces the cmc of pure amphiphiles and their mixed systems as a result of screening of the electrostatic repulsion between the polar head groups. The micellar mole fractions (X₁) of hydrotropes evaluated by various proposed models were constantly more than ideal values ( ) signifying high involvements of hydrotrope in mixed micelles. Activity coefficients ( and ) were always below one in all cases signifying synergism in mixed micelles. Thermodynamic parameters favor the process of micellization which is found to be entropy driven. The negative values of free energies of mixing demonstrated the stability of the mixed systems of drug and hydrotrope. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Comparative study of nucleation and growth mechanism of cobalt electrodeposited on ITO substrate in nitrate and chloride electrolytes

Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - A comparative study of the electrochemical deposition of cobalt on tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) substrate was carried out using electrochemical techniques...     

Synthesis and Study of Plasmon‐Induced Carrier Behavior at Ag/TiO2 Nanowires

Nanocomposites of Ag/TiO₂ nanowires with enhanced photoelectrochemical performance have been prepared by a facile solvothermal synthesis of TiO₂ nanowires and subsequent photoreduction of Ag⁺ ions to Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) on the TiO₂ nanowires. The as‐prepared nanocomposites exhibited significantly improved cathodic photocurrent responses under visible‐light illumination, which is attributed to the local electric field enhancement of plasmon resonance effect near the TiO₂ surface rather than by the direct transfer of charge between the two materials. The visible‐light‐driven photocatalytic performance of these nanocomposites in the degradation of methylene blue dye was also studied, and the observed improvement in photocatalytic activity is associated with the extended light absorption range and efficient charge separation due to surface plasmon resonance effect of AgNPs.     

Signal processing for damage detection using two different array transducers

This work describes an investigation into the development of a new health monitoring system for aeronautical applications. The health monitoring system is based on the emission and reception of Lamb waves by multi-element piezoelectric transducers (i.e., arrays) bonded to the structure. The emitter array consists of three different elementary bar transducers. These transducers have the same thickness and length but different widths. The receiver array has 32 same elements. This system offers the possibility to understand the nature of the generated waves and to determine the sensitivity of each mode to possible damage. It presents two principal advantages: Firstly, by exciting all elements in phase, it is possible to generate several Lamb modes in the same time. Secondly, the two-dimensional fourier transform (2D-FT) of the received signal can be easily computed. Experimental results concerning an aluminum plate with different hole sizes will be shown. The A0-, S0-, A1-, S1- and S2-modes are generated at the same time. This study shows that the A0 mode seems particularly interesting to detect flaws of this geometrical type.