Synthesis of 2,3‐Dihydro‐4H‐furo[3,2‐c] chromen‐4‐ones and 2,3‐Dihydronaphtho[2,3‐b]furan‐4,9‐diones by the Radical Cyclizations of Hydroxyenones with Electron-Rich Alkenes using Manganese(III) Acetate

We have obtained dihydrofurans 3a–j in the radical cyclization of 4‐hydroxycoumarin 1a and 2‐hydroxy‐1,4‐naphtoquinone 1b with electron rich alkenes 2a–i by manganese(III) acetate. Methods A and B, which have different molar ratios were studied comparatively in these reactions, and we observed that method B (molar ratio 2:1:3) gave the best results. Treatment of 4‐hydroxycoumarin 1a and electron rich alkenes 2a–e gave 2,3‐dihydro‐4H‐furo[3,2‐c]chromen‐4‐ones 3a–e in 36–86% yields by the method B. Under the same conditions, the reactions of 2‐hydroxy‐1,4‐naphtaquinone 1b with conjugated alkenes 2b and 2f–i afforded 2,3‐dihydronaphtho[2,3‐b]furan‐4,9‐diones 3f–j in an excellent yields.     

Mn(III)-based reaction of alkenes with quinolinones. Formation of peroxyquinolinones and quinoline-related derivatives

The reactions of 1,1-disubstituted alkenes with 4-hydroxyquinolin-2(1H)-ones under both Mn(III)-catalyzed aerobic oxidation conditions at room temperature and Mn(III)-mediated oxidation conditions at reflux temperature are described. The Mn(III)-catalyzed aerobic oxidation afforded bis(hydroperoxyethyl)quinolinones and azatrioxa[4.4.3]propellanes, while the oxidation with Mn(OAc)₃·2H₂O produced furo[3,2-c]quinolin-4-one analogues. The existence of a substituent at the 3-position of the 4-hydroxyquinolin-2(1H)-ones prevented a double reaction with the alkenes, and (endoperoxy)quinolinones and/or (hydroperoxyethyl)quinolinones were obtained under the Mn(III)-catalyzed aerobic conditions, while furo[3,2-c]quinolinone hemiacetals and vinylquinolinones were selectively produced under the Mn(III)-mediated oxidation conditions depending on the reaction temperature and times. Cyclic assembly of quinolinone-related 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds such as dihydropyridinones, pyranones, and dimedone derivatives was also examined under elevated temperature conditions.     

Spectral characterization and antibacterial effect of 2-methyl-6-(5-H-Me-Cl-NO <Subscript>2</Subscript>-1<Emphasis Type="Italic">H</Emphasis>-benzimidazol-2-yl)-phenols and some transition metal complexes

2-Methyl-6-(5-H-methyl-chloro-nitro-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-phenols( HL _x :x= 1-4)ligands and HL₁ complexes with Fe(NO₃)₃, Cu(NO₃)₂, AgNO₃, Zn(NO₃)₂ have been synthesized and characterized. The structures of the compounds were confirmed on the basis of elemental analysis, molar conductivity, magnetic moment, FT-IR, ¹H-and ¹³C-NMR. Antibacterial activity of the free ligands, their hydrochloride salts and the complexes were evaluated using the disk diffusion method in dimethyl sulfoxide as well as the minimum inhibitory concentration dilution method, against nine bacteria. While HL₁ ligand has not any activity, it’s Ag(I) complex show antibacterial effect toward almost to all the bacteria. Zn(II) complex has antibacterial effect on especially K. pneumoniae, S. epidermidis and S. aureus bacteria.     

直觉Menger空间中的广义压缩映射原理及其在微分方程中的应用

利用Atanassov的思路,将直觉Menger空间定义为由Menger提出的Menger空间的自然推广.同时也得出一个新广义压缩映射,并运用该压缩映射证明了直觉Menger空间中微分方程解的存在性定理.     

Intrinsic <Emphasis Type="Italic">g</Emphasis><Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">K</Emphasis></Subscript> factors of odd-mass <Superscript>167–179</Superscript>Lu isotopes

In this paper, g _K -factors of the intrinsic magnetic moments and effective spin gyromagnetic factors (g _s^eff) of the ^167–179Lu isotopes have been studied within the Tamm-Dancoff approximation (TDA) (Kuliev et al, Sov. J. Nucl. Phys. 9, 185 (1969)) by using a realistic potential such as Woods-Saxon potential for the first time. The effects of the spin-spin and spin-isospin interactions on magnetic moments were investigated. The results of the theoretical calculations are compared with the experimental data for related nuclei. The experimental values of g _K and g _s^eff were computed from the observed magnetic moments (Georg et al, Eur. Phys. J. A3, 225 (1998)) using the spin matrix elements. The theoretical predictions for the g _K factors exhibit good agreement with the experimental g _K factors with increasing mass number A of the lutetium isotopes. The strongest influence of the neutron-proton spin interaction occurs at q = −1. Sufficient agreement between the calculated and the experimental values of g _K is obtained for κ = (45/A) MeV and q = −1.     

Generalized contraction mapping principle in intuitionistic Menger spaces and application to differential equations

Using the idea of Atanassov, we define the notion of intuitionistic Menger spaces as a netural generalizations of Menger spaces due to Menger. We also obtain a new generalized contraction mapping and utilize this contraction mapping to prove the existance theorems of solutions to differential equations in intuitionistic Menger spaces.     

Natural radioactivity levels and related risk assessment in soil samples from Sakarya,Turkey

Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry - An evaluation of the environmental radioactivity levels in soil samples from Sakarya province (Turkey) was undertaken in order to create a...     

The ground-state magnetic moments of odd-mass Hf isotopes

In this paper the Quasiparticle-Phonon Nuclear Model (QPNM), based on QRPA (Quasiparticle Random Phase Approximation) phonons, has been utilized to investigate spin polarization effects on the groundstate magnetic properties such as intrinsic magnetic moment (g _K ) and effective spin gyromagnetic factor (g _s ^eff. ) of odd-mass deformed ^165–179Hf isotopes with K > 1/2. Investigations of the spin polarization effects of the even core on the magnetic moments show that the spin gyromagnetic factors (g _s ) of the nucleons in the nucleus differ noticeably from the corresponding values for free nucleons and that the spin-spin interactions play an important role in the re-normalization of g _s factors of the odd-mass ^165–179Hf isotopes. In addition, some theoretical predictions are presented for the magnetic moments of ¹⁶⁵Hf, ¹⁶⁷Hf, and ¹⁶⁹Hf, whose ground state magnetic moments haven’t been experimentally determined yet.     

Radon measurements in water samples from the thermal springs of Yalova basin, Turkey

The radon concentration has been measured in thermal waters used for medical therapy and drinking purposes in Yalova basin, Turkey. Radon activity measurements in water samples were performed using RAD 7 radon detector equipped with RAD H₂O (radon in water) accessory and following a protocol proposed by the manufacturer. The results show that the concentration of ²²²Rn in thermal waters ranges from 0.21 to 5.82 Bql^?1 with an average value of 2.4 Bql^?1. In addition to radon concentration, physicochemical parameters of water such as temperature (T), electrical conductivity, pH and redox potential (E_h) were also measured. The annual effective doses from radon in water due to its ingestion and inhalation were also estimated. The annual effective doses range from 0.2 to 0.75 μSvy^?1 for ingestion of radon in water and from 2.44 to 9 μSvy^?1 for inhalation of radon released from the water.