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硅基材料是新一代高容量锂离子蓄电池负极材料的典型代表,近年来已成为理论研究和应用研究的热点.本文介绍了锂离子电池硅基负极材料的制备方法、电化学性能及其研究现状,分析了硅材料作为锂离子电池负极材料存在的问题;讨论了硅材料作为锂离子电池负极材料的研究前景.并指出若能克服目前存在问题,将有望成为新一代锂离子电池负极材料. 相似文献
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Liquid crystals incorporating in their molecular framework a seven-membered ring are still relatively rare [1]. Recently the synthesis and thermal behaviour of a series of liquid crystal materials having a tropone moiety in their mesogenic core have been reported [2-4]. These mesogens, based on a 2-(acyloxy)tropone core structure, show intramolecular migration of the acyl substituents between the two oxygen atoms at C-1 and C-2, an effect already known for simple 2-(acyloxy)tropones in their isotropic solutions [5]. This migration involves a concerted [1, 9]-sigmatropic rearrangement [2]. This rearrangement could play a major role in determining the properties of the mesophases: it has been suggested in fact that, because of this rearrangement, the mesogenic molecules acquire a mean rod-like shape which can sustain the mesophase formation [2]. 相似文献
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Valentina Domenici Carlo Alberto Veracini Katalin Fodor-Csorba Giacomo Prampolini Ivo Cacelli Andrjia Lebar Bostjan Zalar 《Chemphyschem》2007,8(16):2321-2330
The orientational properties of the banana-shaped liquid crystal 4-chloro-1,3-phenylenebis{4-[4'-(10-undecenyloxy)]benzoyloxy} benzoate (ClPbis11BB) are reported in the nematic phase under the effect of an external magnetic field. A new hypothesis, which states that the central ring of the aromatic core is oriented perpendicularly to the external magnetic field, is proposed. In support of this hypothesis, a series of studies based on (2)H NMR spectroscopy, both in the bulk and in solution, are discussed. (2)H NMR measurements on three selectively deuterium-labelled isotopomers are presented, together with DFT results from B3LYP/cc-pvDz calculations performed on the aromatic core. The rather flat shape of the investigated intramolecular energy surface allows for several different conformations to be populated, the computed magnetic susceptibilities of which are consistent with the proposed hypothesis of peculiar orientation of banana-shaped molecules. Moreover, the orientation of the magnetic susceptibility tensor is shown to be strongly dependent on the internal conformation of the banana-shaped molecules. 相似文献
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R. Lazzaroni P. Salvadori C. Bertucci C.A. Veracini 《Journal of organometallic chemistry》1975,99(3):475-486
The complexes trans-dichloro[R(CH3)C*HCH=CH2](pyridine)platinum-(II), R = C2H5, i-C3H7, t-C4H9, have been prepared and their 1H NMR and CD spectra investigated. The two diastereomers formed in the complexation of the chiral α-olefin to PtII are present in different concentrations in solution, the diastereomer of opposite absolute configuration at the two chiral centres being the prevailing one. The extent of stereoselectivity, evaluated both by NMR and CD, varies from 32% to 75% by changing the bulkiness of the R group. The preferred conformation of the two diastereomers for each complex has been established by NMR, taking into account the deshielding effect on the protons bound to saturated carbon atoms as well as J(HH) and J(PtH) coupling constants. 相似文献
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Domenici V Geppi M Veracini CA Zakharov AV 《The journal of physical chemistry. B》2005,109(39):18369-18377
In this work, the rotational-diffusion coefficients D(parallel) and D(perpendicular) for the ferroelectric smectogen (+)-(S)-4-[4'-(1-methylheptyloxy)] biphenyl 4-(10-undecenyloxy)benzoate have been studied by means of 2H NMR spectroscopy in the smectic C phase, using a new theoretical approach (Domenici,V.; Geppi, M.; Veracini, C. A. Chem. Phys. Lett. 2003, 382, 518). The analysis of spin-lattice relaxation times has been performed in terms of the diffusional constant and the activation energy of the internal and overall molecular-reorientational motions, and the results are compared to the smectic A (SmA) phase. Moreover, from the 2H NMR data in the SmA phase, the dielectric permittivity and the dielectric relaxation time functions are investigated using a theoretical approach. The longitudinal and transverse components of the real Rchigammaomega and imaginary chigammaomega (gamma = parallel, perpendicular) parts of the complex susceptibility tensor and the nematic-like rotational-viscosity coefficients, lambda2 and lambda5, are calculated. 相似文献
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The complete second rank ordering matrix for perylene-d12 and pyrene-d10 in four different thermotropic liquid crystals has been determined over large temperature ranges, by interpreting the quadrupolar splittings observed from the deuterium N.M.R. spectra. The dipolar couplings also observed in the spectra were determined by computer simulation for both probes, allowing the commonly made assumptions of rigidity and planarity of these molecules to be tested. It is found that the perylene results are consistent with a non-rigid and non-planar structure with an average twist angle between the napthtalene units of 11.6°, whereas pyrene is rigid and planar within experimental error. It is also observed that both molecules are highly biaxial in their orientational behaviour and therefore another assumption often made especially in fluorescence measurements, that of disc-like cylindrical symmetry, is invalid. The results are interpreted in terms of a molecular field theory which predicts the variation of (Sxx - Syy) with Szz by calculating these quantities from the potential of mean torque, U(β, γ), of rigid solutes, expressed solely in terms of one adjustable parameter, the biaxiality parameter, λ. This parameter is predicted by some theories to be both temperature and solvent independent, but our results show that there is a weak temperature dependence and a stronger solvent dependence. 相似文献
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