An 227Ac-211Pb generator for test experiments of solution chemistry of element 114

A simple and effective method has been developed for the continuous production of the short-lived isotope Pb as a homolog of element 114 on the principle of a radionuclide generator. The method is based on the initial sorption of ²²⁷Ac or ²²³Ra on a small cation-exchange column, with subsequent “milking” of ²¹¹Pb (36.1 m) by a mixture of HCl/CH₃OH. The optimum conditions for the repeated separation of ²¹¹Pb from radionuclides strongly sorbed by the cation-exchanger (Ac, Th, Ra, Pu, TPE) have been determined. Possibilities of using the ²¹¹Pb generator for test experiments on the solution chemistry of element 114 have been shown. Advantages of aqueous alcohol HCl solutions for the isolation of ²¹¹Pb (element 114) are discussed. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Chemical isolation of element 106 from aqueous solutions according to model experiments with short-lived tungsten isotopes

The short-lived isotopes of W and their descendants have been isolated from the products of the bombardment of¹⁴⁴Sm with²⁴Mg by a fast continuous ion-exchange method, using HF solution media. The feasibility of this method for isolation of element 106 is discussed.     

PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECTS IN DYE-SENSITIZED ARTIFICIAL LIPID MEMBRANES

Using dyes of known redox potentials the specific mechanisms of dark and light potential generation is analyzed in pigmented lipid membranes. The role of the ionic and electronic conductance, as well as the redox potential gradient is specifically related to the observed open circuit voltage developed across the membrane. The results can be most easily explained by the redox electrode model.     

Isolation and separation of transplutonium and rare-earth elements in unusual oxidation states on ion exchangers in inorganic acid solutions

The behaviour of transplutonium and rare-earth elements on anion and cation exchangers in solutions of H₃PO₄ and H₂SO₄ in the presence of oxidants (KBrO₃, PbO₂, (NH₄)₂S₂O₈) and in HCl solutions in the presence of reducing agents [Zn(Hg), Eu²⁺] depending on acid concentration as well as on oxidant content and nature in solution or in resin and other factors has been studied. Effective methods of Bk(IV), Ce(IV), Am(VI), Eu(II) and Md(II) separation from trivalent TPE and REE, as well as continuous methods of isolation of isotopically pure radionuclides²⁵⁰Bk,¹⁴⁴Pr by using ion exchangers and inorganic acid solutions have been developed.     

Selection of Conditions for the Dynamic Sorption Preconcentration of a 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine Derivative (4-Nitrobenzaldehyde N,N-Dimethylhydrazone) on Hydrophobized Silica

The type of mass transfer in the sorption of 4-nitrobenzaldehyde N,N-dimethylhydrazone (BDH) on silica chemically modified with hexadecyl groups was determined using the linear model of sorption dynamics, and distribution and mass transfer coefficients of hydrazone were calculated. Optimal conditions of the dynamic sorption preconcentration and desorption of BDH and its subsequent determination by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography were proposed. The detection limit of the compound for preconcentration from a sample of 100 mL was 1 g/L.     

On-Line Sorption–Chromatographic Determination of Phenols with Amperometric Detection

Conditions of the preconcentration of phenol on a microcolumn filled with MN-200 hypercrosslinked polystyrene were determined using the linear sorption dynamics model. Conditions of the on-line determination of phenol and its chloro derivatives by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with amperometric detection were optimized. The detection limit of phenol and chlorophenols for preconcentration from 30 mL of a sample was 3 and 15 ng/L, respectively. The proposed procedure was used for the determination of phenols in tap and river water.     

Effect of water vapors on the luminescence of cation-exchange membranes modified by Pt(II) and Ru(II) complexes and Nile blue

The surface of a cation-exchange membrane was modified by the [PtEnPpy]⁺, [PtEnBt]⁺, [PtEnTpy]⁺, [RuBpy₃]⁺², and NB⁺, (En is ethylenediamine; Ppy, Bt, Tpy are α-deprotonated forms of 2-phenylpyridine, 2-phenylbenzothiazole, and 2-(2′-thienyl)pyridine, respectively; Bpy is 2,2′-bipyridyl, and NB⁺ is Nile blue) ions, which exhibit intense luminescence. It is found that the quenching of the luminescence of the modified cation-exchange membrane by water vapors depends on the nature of the excited electronic state of the immobilized cation.