Cellulosic fiber: mechanical fibrillation-morphology-rheology relationships

Cellulose - This study aims to investigate the relationship between mechanical fibrillation, morphological properties, and rheological behavior of cellulosic fiber. Three types of cellulosic fibers...     

Preparation of Ce-TiO2 catalysts by controlled hydrolysis of titanium alkoxide based on esterification reaction and study on its photocatalytic activity

The Ce-TiO2 catalysts were prepared by controlled hydrolysis of Ti(OC(4)H(9))(4) with water generated "in situ" via an esterification reaction between acetic acid and ethanol, followed by hydrothermal treatment. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic absorption flame emission spectroscopy (AAS), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption methods. Both of undoped TiO2 and Ce-TiO2 samples exclusively consist of primary anatase crystallites, which further form spherical aggregates with diameters ranging from 100 to 500 nm. The photocatalytic activity of Ce-TiO2 was investigated for the photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B (RB) aqueous solution both under UV and visible light irradiation. Doping of Ce(4+) effectively improves the photocatalytic activity under both UV light irradiation and visible light irradiation with an optimal doping concentration of 0.2 and 0.4%, respectively. The photocatalytic mechanisms of Ce-TiO2 catalysts were tentatively discussed.     

螺旋焊线管局部噘嘴应力集中分析

螺旋焊缝局部噘嘴问题是复杂的三维问题，至今没有现成的安全评定公式可以利用，也难以获得纯粹的理论解。应“西气东输”工程之需，本文利用现有直焊缝理论基础，建立了该问题的力学模型，获得了应力集中因子的显式解，给制订螺旋焊线管几保缺陷的安全评定标准提供了理论基础。利用商用有限元工具ABAQUS对螺旋焊线局部噘嘴进行的系统分析显示，本文提供的理论解具有很强的预测能力。     

Self‐assembled Lipid Nanoparticles for Ratiometric Codelivery of Cisplatin and siRNA Targeting XPF to Combat Drug Resistance in Lung Cancer

DNA damage repair through the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway is one of the major reasons for the decreased antitumor efficacy of platinum‐based anticancer drugs that have been widely applied in the clinic. Inhibiting the intrinsic NER function may enhance the antitumor activity of cisplatin and conquer cisplatin resistance. Herein, we report the design, optimization, and application of a self‐assembled lipid nanoparticle (LNP) system to simultaneously deliver a cisplatin prodrug together with siRNA targeting endonuclease xeroderma pigmentosum group F (XPF), a crucial component in the NER pathway. The LNP is able to efficiently encapsulate both the platinum prodrug and siRNA molecules with a tuned ratio. Both platinum prodrug and XPF‐targeted siRNA are efficiently carried into cells and released; the former damages DNA and the latter specifically downregulates both mRNA and protein levels of XPF to potentiate the platinum drug, leading to enhanced expression levels of apoptosis markers and improved cytotoxicity in both cisplatin‐sensitive and ‐resistant human lung cancer cells. Our results demonstrate an effective approach to utilize a multi‐targeted nanoparticle system that can specifically silence an NER‐related gene to promote apoptosis induced by cisplatin, especially in cisplatin‐refractory tumors.     

Multipulse feed strategy for glycerol fed-batch fermentation

During glycerol fed-batch fermentation, the process could be divided into multiple equal subintervals, and the feed operation was performed in pulse form at the start of each subinterval. Based on the macrokinetic models, the multipulse feed strategy for both glucose and corn steep slurry was determined by a general nonlinear optimization approach to maximize the final glycerol productivity and still control the residual glucose at a low concentration. The experimental results in a 600-mL Airlift Loop Reactor showed that the tested data with this strategy agreed well with the corresponding model prediction, and that the feed mode with nonlinear optimization could improve the glycerol productivity significantly compared with those determined just by limited experimental optimization in previous studies.     

纳米力学的数值模拟方法

纳米力学是一支新兴学科,主要研究100nm以下尺度上物质的行为和变化规律.物质在纳米尺度上所具有的特殊效应如量子效应、微尺度效应等导致了其特异的性能和行为.人们对纳米力学行为的认识,目前主要通过试验观测和数值模拟等方法.本文概要回顾了分子动力学模拟、蒙特卡罗模拟等纳米力学计算方法的研究进展及现状,提出了以量子力学为基础、多学科交叉、多层次融合发展纳米力学研究方法的构思,并对纳米力学研究方法所面临的问题及其发展趋势做了初步展望.      

Highly ordered self-assembly with large area of Fe3O4 nanoparticles and the magnetic properties

Monodisperse Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) with narrow size distribution are synthesized by a high-temperature solution-phase method. The diameter of the as-synthesized NPs is tuned from 2 to 14 nm by varying the reaction conditions. Highly ordered superlattice structures of the Fe3O4 NPs with areas extending over 0.8 microm x 0.7 microm have been successfully obtained. The magnetic properties are investigated in their different states, such as in the solid state and diluted in wax with different concentrations. Some magnetic properties enhanced by increasing interparticle distances, such as the remanent magnetization and coercive field at low temperature, were noticed. Furthermore, we also observed that the saturation magnetization changed with temperature as expected. The preliminary explanation for the properties mentioned above is proposed.     

反相离子对高效液相色谱法分离和测定烷基聚氧乙烯醚羧酸

脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚羧酸和烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚羧酸混合物可根据烷基链的碳链长度用反相离子对高效液相色谱法分离.色谱柱采用SupelcosilTMLC-18,流动相为乙睛:甲醇:水=70:10:20(体积比),含离子对试剂硫酸氢四丁基铵6 mmol/L,用氢氧化钠调pH值至6.在选定的色谱条件下,样品各组分之间具有良好的分离效果,该方法有较好的重现性.     

35～7Omm/F3.5～4.8变焦镜头的优化设计

传统的镜头光学设计多半是在一初始模型(如专利)的基础上作一定程度的人工修改。然而借助光学设计软件的新技术,可以对初始模型作较大的改动,使之脱离原有的模式而得到一个更优化的结果。本文以一个35～70mm/F3.5～4.8变焦镜头的光学设计为例,简要地叙述了这一过程。     

分子动力学模拟的冷冻原子法

通过分析分子动力学过程粒子运动的基本特征，提出分离不同性质、不同量级的原子快运动和慢运动进行模拟的思想，建立了适用于这两种运动弱耦合情况的冷冻原子方法，该方法可使分子动力学模拟收敛速度有明显改善．并能得到更为精确的结果．