Life-threatening diseases, especially those caused by pathogens and harmful ultraviolet radiation (UV-R), have triggered increasing demands for comfortable, antimicrobial, and UV-R protective clothing with a long service life. However, developing such textiles with exceptional wash durability is still challenging. Herein, we demonstrate how to fabricate wash durable multifunctional cotton textiles by growing in situ ZnO-TiO2 hybrid nanocrystals (NCs) on the surface of cellulosic fabrics. The ZnO-TiO2 hybrid NCs presented high functional efficiency, owing to their high charge transfer/separation. Ultrafine fiber surface pores, utilized as nucleating sites, endowed the uniform growth of NCs and their physical locking. The resulting fabrics presented excellent UV protection factors up to 54, displayed bactericidal efficiency of 100% against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, and optimum self-cleaning efficacy. Moreover, the functionalized textiles exhibited robust washing durability, maintaining antibacterial and anti-UV-R efficiency even after 30 extensive washing cycles.
The ferroelectric and switching properties of spray deposited cesium nitrate: poly (vinyl alcohol) composite films at different
substrate temperatures (Ts) have been studied. The optimum value of remanent polarization was obtained in the film deposited at Ts=200°C, which may be due to larger structural distortion (c/a ratio) and less porosity as revealed by x-ray diffraction and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) analysis.
The switching current transients have been analyzed by nucleation limited switching model (NLS) with the Lorentzian distribution
function. This model gives excellent agreement with the experimental polarization current throughout the whole time range.
The switching parameters were determined in the composite films deposited at different Ts and found to be optimum at Ts=200°C. The effect of pulse amplitude on the domain switching properties has also been studied and analyzed. The peak value
of polarization current exhibits an exponential dependence on the external applied field. 相似文献
MnO2 nanoparticles and its nanocomposite with nitrogen-doped graphene (NG) have been fabricated via simple hydrothermal synthesis procedure using water as a solvent. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of the as-prepared samples was used to ascertain the phase purity and crystallite size. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were employed to study the surface features and particle size of the synthesised samples. The photocatalytic ability of the methyl orange (MO) dye with bare MnO2 and its hybrid with nitrogen-doped graphene (NG-MnO2) wer compared with visible light prompted degradation of the dye in absence of these catalysts. The prepared nanohybrid (NG-MnO2) showed improved photocatalytic efficacy as compared to the pure MnO2 nanoparticles. The strong ferromagnetic character of nanohybrid helps in easy separation of catalyst even with a bar magnet. 相似文献
We report theoretical results on the magnetic behavior of free standing nanowires of Ti. Four different structures of Ti nanowires-linear, ladder, dimerized, and zigzag-with nonmagnetic, ferromagnetic, and anti-ferromagnetic configurations were considered. Exploration of magnetism in these atomic chains leads to ferromagnetic behavior for all the structures: zigzag structure shows almost degenerate ferromagnetic and anti-ferromagnetic states though. The zigzag structure of Ti nanowires is favored of all for low values of nearest neighbor distances, whereas the dimerized structure is favored at larger atomic separations. Our work helps to resolve the controversy in the predicted ground state magnetic nature of zigzag chains of Ti as reported in recent previous works. The maximum value of magnetic moment (0.93 μB/atom) occurs in the ladder chains while the zigzag chains show the minimum value (0.17 μB/atom). Interestingly, all the structures in the magnetic configuration show metastable state except the dimerized structure. Ferromagnetic dimerized nanowires seem to be a potential candidate for use in spintronics. The projected density of states shows that dx2−y2 and dxy bands play a leading role in magnetism of linear and ladder structures, whereas there is no outstanding contribution from a particular d-orbital for zigzag and dimerized nanowires. The charge density plots suggest that linear and zigzag structures have metallic bonding whereas covalent bonding is predominant in the dimerized and ladder structures. The estimated diameters for the favored ferromagnetic configuration of these ultrathin nanowires lie in the range 1.9-3.4 Å and indicate the instability of the ladder structure, as also projected by the relative cohesive energy and relative break force values. 相似文献
In recent years multi-spectral device is steadily growing popularity. Multi-spectral antireflection coating effective in visible region for sighting system, laser wavelength for ranging and MWIR region for thermal system can use common objective/receiver optics highly useful for state of art thermal instrumentation. In this paper, design and fabrication of antireflection coating simultaneously effective in visible region (450–650 nm), Eye safe laser wave length (1540 nm) and MWIR region (3.6–4.9 μm) has been reported. Comprehensive search method of design was used and the number of layers in the design was optimised with lowest evaluated merit function studied with respect to various layers. Finally eight-layer design stack was established using hafnium oxide as high index layer and silicon-di-oxide as low index coating material combination. The multilayer stack had been fabricated by using electron beam gun evaporation system in Symphony 9 vacuum coating unit. During layer deposition the substrate was irradiated with End-Hall ion gun. The evaporation was carried out in presence of oxygen and layer thicknesses were measured with crystal monitor. The result achieved for the antireflection coating was 85% average transmission from 450 to 650 nm in visible region, 95% transmission at 1540 nm and 96% average transmission from 3.6 to 4.9 μm in MWIR region. 相似文献
We investigate the pathway of thinning process for transient [110] nanowires (NWs) of Ag. The result is in good agreement with experimental observations. An unambiguous identification of the structure of a NW requires at least two views along different directions. In the cases where two views of different NW structures are practically the same for very thin NWs which pose experimental difficulty due to small signal-to-noise ratio, our theoretical analysis helps distinguish these structures. On the basis of conductance (G) calculations vis-á-vis the structure of transient NWs, the puzzling experimental observation of fractionally quantized G values is explained by considering the existence of mixed structures for thin wires. 相似文献