A surface-mounted device assembly technique for small optics based on laser reflow soldering

The three-dimensional miniaturized optical surface-mounted device (TRIMO-SMD) is a new flexible and automated assembly technique for small optical components (maximum diameter for a lens is 2 mm) based on laser reflow soldering technique. This technology can be compared to the electronic SMD technique but applied to micro-optical devices. We present some recent developments of TRIMO-SMD in its application to industrial products.     

Monte Carlo simulation of cluster kinetics in three-dimensional Ising model

Simulations in lattices of size 100³ at the critical point of the three-dimensional Glauber kinetic Ising model indicate that the 1935 Becker-Doring equation no longer works there: The growth rates decay in time. These conclusions confirm those in two dimensions.     

Relativistic calculation of Stokes' parameters for intermediate energy electron impact excitation of cesium atoms

The integrated and differential Stokes' parameters of the light emitted in the decay 6p ² P _1/2,3/2→6s ² S _1/2 fore-Cs scattering in the intermediate energy range are presented. These have been calculated using scattering amplitudes obtained by a relativistic distorted-wave method.     

Nucleation theory: Fisher's droplet picture and microscopic surface tension

Fisher's droplet picture is used to define a “microscopic” surface tension for small droplets. The nucleation rate is then calculated. Excellent agreement between experiments and our calculations has been found for H₂O, CH₃OH, C₂H₅OH, NH₃, C₆H₆, CHCl₃ and CCl₃F.     

Comparative monte Carlo study of ising spin glasses in two to five dimensions

Monte Carlo simulations of the Edwards-Anderson-Ising spin glass with Gaussian distribution of nearest-neighbor exchange forces in four and five dimensions are performed to check the speculation thatd=4 is the lower critical dimensionality. In contrast to this expectation we find no qualitative difference at all to the results in two and three dimensions. We still find that on not too long time-scales there is an apparently rather well defined freezing temperatureT _f , where the susceptibility has a cusp, and belowT _f nonzero order parametersq, can be found as ford=2, 3. But even ford=5 the decay of the Edwards-Anderson order parameter belowT _f is found to be consistent with a logarithmic variation over several decades of observation time. The possible interpretations of this result are discussed. Our data thus suggest that either there is no equilibrium phase transition in all these dimensions, or more likely that a phase transition exists for 2d5 but the properties of the ordered phase may be rather peculiar.Sonderforschungsbereich 125 Aachen-Jülich-Köln     

Radius,perimeter, and density profile for percolation clusters and lattice animals

Monte Carlo simulation and series expansion shows the radius of gyration of large clusters withs sites each to vary ass with0.56 in two and0.47 in three dimensions at the percolation threshold, and with(d=2)0.65 and(d=3)0.53 for random lattice animals (zero concentration). Clusters up tos=100 were used. The perimeter of random animals approaches 2.8s for larges on the simple cubic lattice. Monte Carlo simulation of the Eden process (growing animals) up tos=5,000 indicates a systematic variation of about ±0.05 for the effective exponent=(s) and thus suggests that the true asymptotic exponents may be compatible with the predictions of hyper-scaling.