全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1149篇 |
免费 | 21篇 |
国内免费 | 2篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 922篇 |
晶体学 | 8篇 |
力学 | 18篇 |
数学 | 100篇 |
物理学 | 124篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 4篇 |
2022年 | 4篇 |
2021年 | 11篇 |
2020年 | 12篇 |
2019年 | 21篇 |
2017年 | 13篇 |
2016年 | 7篇 |
2015年 | 20篇 |
2014年 | 20篇 |
2013年 | 45篇 |
2012年 | 51篇 |
2011年 | 52篇 |
2010年 | 26篇 |
2009年 | 40篇 |
2008年 | 47篇 |
2007年 | 60篇 |
2006年 | 49篇 |
2005年 | 60篇 |
2004年 | 40篇 |
2003年 | 59篇 |
2002年 | 52篇 |
2001年 | 23篇 |
2000年 | 26篇 |
1999年 | 27篇 |
1998年 | 19篇 |
1997年 | 19篇 |
1996年 | 23篇 |
1995年 | 26篇 |
1994年 | 17篇 |
1993年 | 14篇 |
1992年 | 22篇 |
1991年 | 11篇 |
1990年 | 12篇 |
1989年 | 28篇 |
1988年 | 17篇 |
1987年 | 14篇 |
1986年 | 15篇 |
1985年 | 16篇 |
1984年 | 13篇 |
1983年 | 15篇 |
1982年 | 16篇 |
1981年 | 11篇 |
1980年 | 9篇 |
1979年 | 16篇 |
1978年 | 7篇 |
1976年 | 6篇 |
1975年 | 6篇 |
1974年 | 4篇 |
1937年 | 3篇 |
1934年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有1172条查询结果,搜索用时 63 毫秒
1.
Dr. Carla Carrera Dr. Eleonora Cavallari Dr. Giuseppe Digilio Dr. Oksana Bondar Prof. Silvio Aime Dr. Francesca Reineri 《Chemphyschem》2021,22(11):1042-1048
An efficient synthesis of vinyl-[1-13C]pyruvate has been reported, from which 13C hyperpolarized (HP) ethyl-[1-13C]pyruvate has been obtained by means of ParaHydrogen Induced Polarization (PHIP). Due to the intrinsic lability of pyruvate, which leads quickly to degradation of the reaction mixture even under mild reaction conditions, the vinyl-ester has been synthesized through the intermediacy of a more stable ketal derivative. 13C and 1H hyperpolarizations of ethyl-[1-13C]pyruvate, hydrogenated using ParaHydrogen, have been compared to those observed on the more widely used allyl-derivative. It has been demonstrated that the spin order transfer from ParaHydrogen protons to 13C, is more efficient on the ethyl than on the allyl-esterdue to the larger J-couplings involved. The main requirements needed for the biological application of this HP product have been met, i. e. an aqueous solution of the product at high concentration (40 mM) with a good 13C polarization level (4.8 %) has been obtained. The in vitro metabolic transformation of the HP ethyl-[1-13C]pyruvate, catalyzed by an esterase, has been observed. This substrate appears to be a good candidate for in vivo metabolic investigations using PHIP hyperpolarized probes. 相似文献
2.
3.
F. Ameli M. Bonori F. Massa 《The European Physical Journal C - Particles and Fields》2002,25(1):67-75
We describe the measurement of the deep sea optical background in some sites south of Capo Passero, Sicily. A continuous
flux of about 440 photons cm
-2
s
-1
in the wavelength interval 440-550 nm is estimated due to the decays of the 40K contained in the sea water. Bioluminescence light bursts are also observed and an example of time evolution is reported.
All the measurements were accomplished using a deep sea module also described in this article.
Received: 20 April 2002 / Published online: 26 July 2002 相似文献
4.
For approximate wave functions, we prove the theorem that there is a one‐to‐one correspondence between the constraints of normalization and of the Fermi–Coulomb and Coulomb hole charge sum rules at each electron position. This correspondence is surprising in light of the fact that normalization depends on the probability of finding an electron at some position. In contrast, the Fermi–Coulomb hole sum rule depends on the probability of two electrons staying apart because of correlations due to the Pauli exclusion principle and Coulomb repulsion, while the Coulomb hole sum rule depends on Coulomb repulsion. We demonstrate the theorem for the ground state of the He atom by the use of two different approximate wave functions that are functionals rather than functions. The first of these wave function functionals is constructed to satisfy the constraint of normalization, and the second that of the Coulomb hole sum rule for each electron position. Each is then shown to satisfy the other corresponding sum rule. The significance of the theorem for the construction of approximate “exchange‐correlation” and “correlation” energy functionals of density functional theory is also discussed. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2007 相似文献
5.
Kristin Fischer Silvio Prause Stefan Spange Frank Cichos Christian Von Borczyskowski 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2003,41(11):1210-1218
Solvent‐dependent ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) absorption and Stokes shifts including strong hydrogen‐bond‐donating (HBD) solvents such as 2,2,2‐trifluoroethanol and 1,1,1,3,3,3‐hexafluoro‐2‐propanol of two coumarine dyes (Co 151 and Co 153) were analyzed with multiple‐square analyses of linear solvation energy relationships and the Kamlet–Taft solvent parameter set to α (HBD capacity), β (hydrogen‐bond‐accepting capacity), and π* (dipolarity/polarizability). The UV–vis absorption and emission spectra of Co 151 and Co 153 were measured when adsorbed on various polysaccharides such as different cellulose batches, carboxymethylcelluloses with different degrees of substitution, and chitine. As a result of this evaluation, Co 153 is recommended as an alternative UV–vis probe for evaluating the dipolarity/polarizability of cellulose and cellulose derivates. Multiple adsorption of Co 153 on Linters cellulose took place indicating a wide‐surface polarity distribution, which makes the determination of a rigid polarity parameter questionable. Thus, fluorescence measurements of adsorbed Co 153 are suitable to detect inhomogenities on a surface but not for the determination of empirical polarity parameters. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 41: 1210–1218, 2003 相似文献
6.
7.
This work describes the first catalytic bismuth-promoted synthesis of polysubstituted guanidines in good yields through the guanylation reaction of N-benzoyl or N-phenylthioureas with primary and secondary amines, but now employing equimolar amounts of each organic reagent. Both bismuth iodine and bismuth nitrate were efficient as inorganic thiophiles at only 5 mol % in relation to substrates, being the first example of inorganic thiophiles acting in guanylation at catalytic levels. 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
P. Boccaccio L. Vannucci R.A. Ricci G. Vannini R. Dona I. Massa J.P. Coffin P. Fintz G. Guillaume F. Jundt F. Rami P. Wagner 《The European Physical Journal A - Hadrons and Nuclei》1998,1(4):399-406
We studied the sequential binary decay of the systems 32S+45Sc, 76Ge, 89Y, 59Co, 63Cu and 19F+63Cu induced by collisions at ≃6 MeV·A. The two stages of the process have reaction-times compatible with the dynamics of different mechanisms. The study of the
excitation energy partition shows that the reaction mechanism of the first step has influence on the de-excitation of the
primary fragments producing two decay components which have different time scale.
Received: 25 March 1997 / Revised version: 2 December 1997 相似文献