Reconstructing electron concentrations with small horizontal gradients from oblique ionospheric sounding

Translated from Chislennye Metody Resheniya Obratnykh Zadach Matematicheskoi Fiziki, pp. 147–153.     

Estimation of electron concentrations from oblique sounding data for a piecewise-one-dimensional model of the ionosphere

Translated from Aktual'nye Voprosy Prikladnoi Matematiki, pp. 28–31, 1989.     

Polarization Dependence of a Hydrophobized Electrode for Electrosynthesis of a Soluble Product

An equation for a polarization curve of a hydrophobized electrode is proposed for electrosynthesis of a soluble electroactive product in an inner-kinetic mode. The equation contains the concentration of the target product (TP) in an explicit form. The shape of the curve depends on the biquadratic root of the TP concentration and the square root of the ratio between exchange currents of the side and target reactions.     

Polymorphic modifications of iron in the thin-film state

The structure of iron in the thin-film state on silicon (planes (100) and (111)) and quartz substrates was studied. The formation of a mixture of the α- and δ-iron phases on silicon plane (111) and the stabilization of the high-temperature δ phase by photon annealing were demonstrated. The orienting effect of plane (100) on the development of the δ → α transition with complete vanishing of the δ-iron phase during annealing was established. The crystallization of thin iron films only in the α modification on an amorphous substrate was shown.     

Porous Hydrophobized Electrode Operation in Indirect Electrosynthesis Involving a Fast Chemical Reaction

Russian Journal of Electrochemistry -     

Interlayer photoinduced electron transfer in Langmuir-Blodgett films based on porphyrin and phthalocyanine derivatives

Vectorial photoinduced electron transfer was studied in Langmuir-Blodgett films. The monolayers of polythiophene and phthalocyanine were used as secondary electron donors in multilayers together with the monolayer of porphyrin-fullerene donor-acceptor dyad molecules mixed with octadecylamine (1:9). Simultaneous utilization of all the three compounds in the preparation of three-layer samples allowed us to widen the range of the visible light absorption by the structure. The relative sensitivity of the sample to the excitation laser light increased by about 350 times compared with that of a dyad monolayer.     

Investigation of the Quasi Binary System BaAu–BaPt

Phase equilibria in the system BaAu–BaPt have been investigated by X‐ray powder diffraction. Depending on composition, three structure types occur, the FeB type for BaAu, and NiAs for BaPt, while the CrB type of structure is adopted in between. The homogeneity range for the CrB type of structure was established to extend from BaPt_0.15Au_0.85 to BaPt_0.90Au_0.10. The respective lattice parameters vary linearly, in accordance with Vegard's law. The crystal structure of the new CrB type compounds have been confirmed by X‐ray powder diffraction for the solid solution range, and by single crystal X‐ray diffraction exemplary for the composition BaAu_0.5Pt_0.5 (Cmcm; a = 4.3915(5) Å; b = 11.9149(12) Å; c = 4.7920(5) Å; Z = 4). BaAu was also established by single crystal structure determination (Pnma; a = 8.3220(10) Å; b = 4.9252(10) Å; c = 6.3844(10) Å; Z = 4) to complete the results. According to ESCA measurements BaAu_0.5Pt_0.5 and BaAu can be formulated as [Ba²⁺·0.5e^?]·[Au^?_0.5·Pt^2?_0.5] and [Ba²⁺·e^?]·[Au^?], respectively.     

Estimation of the Relative Thickness of Gas-Diffusion Electrodes of Carbon-Black Blends in the Course of Electrosynthesis of the Peroxide Ion from Oxygen

The results of a study of electrosynthesis of hydrogen peroxide from oxygen in an alkaline electrolyte on gas-diffusion electrodes of acetylene carbon black and blends of acetylene carbon black and furnace black are compared. The relative thickness of gas-diffusion hydrophobic electrodes operating under inner-kinetic conditions is estimated from polarization curves. Improving the hydrogen peroxide removal from pores of the gas-diffusion electrodes made of carbon black blends with various hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties stabilizes the relative thickness of the electrodes in comparison with the electrodes of acetylene carbon black.     

Spectral expansion on the entire axis of the green function for a three-layer medium in fundamental functions of a nonself-adjoint Sturm-Liouville operator

We give a new representation of the Green function in the space R ² for the Helmholtz equation with coefficient that is a complex-valued piecewise constant function depending on a single variable and taking three values. This representation has the form of an expansion in fundamental functions, i.e., bounded (on the entire line R ¹) solutions of the Sturm-Liouville equation with a complex coefficient. The spectrum consists of two rays parallel to the real axis in the complex plane of the spectral parameter. The origin of the rays is determined by constants characterizing the coefficient in the equation.