Guanidinium nitrate: a novel reagent for aryl nitrations

Nitration of various aromatic compounds utilising guanidinium nitrate in 85% sulfuric acid as a nitrating agent has been studied.     

On some properties of linear and nonlinear waves in pair-ion plasmas

It is pointed out that the observation of the electrostatic ion acoustic wave frequency can be a suitable check to determine whether the produced plasma is a pure pair-ion plasma or whether it comprises some concentration of electrons. A theoretical model for the pair-ion plasma dynamics is presented along with a new electrostatic mode which can exist only in such systems. It can become unstable in the presence of shear flow and it can give rise to vortex structures in the nonlinear regime. The possibility of shocks and solitons, due to nonlinear drift waves in a pair-ion plasma comprising electrons, is also discussed. The relevance of this investigation to both laboratory and astrophysical plasmas is pointed out.     

Some geometrical aspects of semidefinite linear complementarity problems

This article studies some geometrical aspects of the semidefinite linear complementarity problem (SDLCP), which can be viewed as a generalization of the well-known linear complementarity problem (LCP). SDLCP is a special case of a complementarity problem over a closed convex cone, where the cone considered is the closed convex cone of positive semidefinite matrices. It arises naturally in the unified formulation of a pair of primal-dual semidefinite programming problems. In this article, we introduce the notion of complementary cones in the semidefinite setting using the faces of the cone of positive semidefinite matrices and show that unlike complementary cones induced by an LCP, semidefinite complementary cones need not be closed. However, under R₀-property of the linear transformation, closedness of all the semidefinite complementary cones induced by L is ensured. We also introduce the notion of a principal subtransformation with respect to a face of the cone of positive semidefinite matrices and show that for a self-adjoint linear transformation, strict copositivity is equivalent to strict semimonotonicity of each principal subtransformation. Besides the above, various other solution properties of SDLCP will be interpreted and studied geometrically.     

Polarographic reduction of some guanylpyrazoline nitrates and the effect of double layer structure on E1/2 values

Polarographic reduction of 4-arylhydrazono-1-guanylnitrate-3-methyl-2-pyrazoline-5-ones takes place in a single 4-electron transfer, giving a diffusion controlled irreversible wave in B.R. buffers of pH range 2.0–10.0. The reduction in these compounds takes place at the ?NH?N=C-bond. Effect of various cations, anions and solvent percentage on the reduction has been discussed. The effect of substituents and its correlation with the Hammett substituent constant (δ) have also been studied.     

Dicyanobiphenyl polysioloxane stationary phases for capillary column gas chromatography

Summary The chromatographic performance of newly developed dicyanobiphenyl polysiloxane stationary phases were evaluated and compared with the performance of other polar stationary phases, including the previously reported monocyanobiphenyl polysiloxanes. Due to the unique combination of polarizable biphenyl and polar cyano functionalities in the side chains of the flexible polysiloxane backbone, and by virtue of their mild liquid crystalline properties, the new stationary phases provide excellent resolution of a wide variety of analytes, both polar and nonpolar, in both GC and SFC. They can be easily coated and cross-linked in open tubular columns, and the resultant columns demonstrate excellent efficiency and performance at temperatures up to 280–300°C. The new stationary phases exhibit enhanced selectivities for various types of isomeric compounds.