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1.
Ionel Rosenthal Joe Z. Sostaric Peter Riesz 《Research on Chemical Intermediates》2004,30(7-8):685-701
Sonochemistry and photochemistry are initiated by high-energy transient species, which may be prone to mutual interaction. Electronic excitation of solutes by energy transfer from high energy species generated in collapsing bubbles is already supported by experimental evidence. The rates of photochemical reactions can be affected by ultrasound-induced mixing of liquids caused by microstreaming near pulsating cavitation bubbles and shockwaves due to bubble collapse. This may not only improve light absorption but also modify the pathway of reaction by increasing the contact between reagents. Finally, one may speculate about a potentially new chemistry of photoexcited solutes under the extreme conditions inside cavitation microreactors. This work reviews research on the excitation of solutes by sonoluminescence, the combined effects of ultrasound and light on liquid systems and the effect of ultrasound on photocatalytic reactions. 相似文献
2.
Abstract— Recently, a new technique of 1O2 generation has been described by Midden and Wang. The sensitizer is immobilized on silica gel particles which are attached on one surface of a glass plate which is placed, sensitizer-side down, above a solution leaving a small air space between the sensitizer and the solution. Applying the principle of the technique, i.e. generation of 1O2 in the gas phase above the solution, we first improved the long-term stability of the dye (rose bengal) by using double stock transparent tape instead of rubber cement. Under these conditions, although the initial rate of production was higher in rubber cement, the rate of production reached a plateau after 30 min, whereas with double stick transparent tape, the rate of generation was linear up to 100 min. This result was explained by the fact that silica glass beads are embedded in the cement which could lead to the bleaching reaction of the dye. Different reactions have been investigated, the bleaching of N,N-dimethyl-4-nitrosoaniline (RNO) in the presence of imidazole, destruction of anthracenedipropionic acid, formation of a stable nitroxide from a sterically hindered secondary amine and the influence of pH on the nitroxide yield. The yield was measured to be 5 × 1012 molecules of singlet oxygen produced per second per cm2 from the surface of the plate using the RNO bleaching reaction. This method of generating 1O2 also seems promising for studying the killing of mammalian cells by 1O2 as the sole damaging species. 相似文献
3.
We report absolute values for the radiative relaxation quantum yield of synthetic eumelanin as a function of excitation energy. These values were determined by correcting for pump beam attenuation and emission reabsorption in both eumelanin samples and fluorescein standards over a large range of concentrations. Our results confirm that eumelanins are capable of dissipating >99.9% of absorbed UV and visible radiation through nonradiative means. Furthermore, we have found that the radiative quantum yield of synthetic eumelanin is excitation energy dependent. This observation is supported by corrected emission spectra, which also show a clear dependence of both peak position and peak width on excitation energy. Our findings indicate that photoluminescence emission in eumelanins is derived from ensembles of small chemically distinct oligomeric units that can be selectively pumped. This hypothesis lends support to the theory that the basic structural unit of eumelanin is oligomeric rather than heteropolymeric. 相似文献
4.
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
5.
Frédéric Riesz 《Commentarii Mathematici Helvetici》1944,17(1):221-239
Sans résumé
L'Université de Genève avait invité Monsieur Frédéric Riesz à faire deux conférences au printemps 1944. L'auteur n'ayant pu
s'y rendre en personne, nous sommes heureux de pouvoir en publier le texte. 相似文献
6.
Freidrich Riesz 《Mathematische Zeitschrift》1923,18(1):87-95
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
7.
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
8.
Monatshefte für Chemie - Chemical Monthly - 相似文献
9.
Friedrich Riesz 《Acta Mathematica》1920,42(1):145-171
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
10.
Friedrich Riesz 《Monatshefte für Mathematik》1936,43(1):401-406
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献