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Summary Pressure effects in the capillary flow of a single sample of poly(methyl methacrylate),M
v = 1.33 · 105, were evaluated. The length/diameter ratios of the different capillaries used varied from 4 to 100. The tests were made with an Instron rheometer in the range 160–250 °C. The pressure-viscosity model, derived from the free volume-WLF equation, was used to pressure correct the capillary data. The corrected data agreed well with data obtained at atmospheric pressure using aWeissenberg rheogoniometer. A derived expression to calculate an increase in the flow activation energy with increasing stress predicts the observed increase in activation energy.
On leave from Montecatini Edison, Milan (Italy). 相似文献
Zusammenfassung Druckeffekte bei der Kapillarströmung einer einzelnen Polymethylmethacrylat-ProbeM v = 1,33 · 105 werden abgeschätzt. Die Längen/Durchmesserverhältnisse der verschiedenen verwendeten Kapillaren variierten zwischen 4 und 100. Im Temperaturbereich zwischen 160 und 250 °C wurden die Versuche mit einem Instron-Rheometer durchgeführt. Das Druck-Viskositätsmodell, das aus der WLF-Gleichung abgeleitet war, wurde zur Druckkorrektur der Kapillardaten verwendet. Die korrigierten Werte zeigten eine gute Übereinstimmung mit den Werten, die bei Atmosphärendruck mit Hilfe einesWeissenberg-Rheogoniometers gewonnen worden waren. Ein abgeleiteter Ausdruck zur Berechnung des Anstiegs der Strömungs-Aktivierungsenergie mit steigender Spannung sagt den beobachteten Anstieg in der Aktivierungsenergie voraus.
On leave from Montecatini Edison, Milan (Italy). 相似文献
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CM Silva MF Duarte ML Mira MH Florêncio K Versluis AJ Heck 《Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM》1999,13(12):1098-1103
Fast atom bombardment, combined with high-energy collision-induced tandem mass spectrometry, has been used to investigate gas-phase metal-ion interactions with captopril, enalaprilat and lisinopril, all angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors.Suggestions for the location of metal-binding sites are presented. For captopril, metal binding occurs most likely at both the sulphur and the nitrogen atom. For enalaprilat and lisinopril, binding preferably occurs at the amine nitrogen. Copyright 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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[reaction: see text] The synthesis of various tetrasubstituted alkenes and dienes in a regio- and stereocontrolled manner is described. This three-component coupling strategy involves the addition of Grignard reagents to propargyl alcohols followed by palladium(0)-mediated cross-coupling with aryl or vinyl halides. This protocol has been applied to the synthesis of (Z)-Tamoxifen and related mimics. 相似文献
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Richard C. Penwell Roger S. Porter Stanley Middleman 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》1971,9(4):731-745
General expressions for determining the pressure coefficient and axial distribution of the viscosity and pressure in capillary flow are derived for Newtonian and shear-thinning fluids. The pressure-dependent viscosity model is obtained from the WLF equation as derived from Doolittle's free volume theory. The model has also been derived from Eyring's hole theory for viscosity. Poiseuille's equation is modified to correct for the pressure effect on viscosity. A Newtonian, low-molecular-weight polystyrene and a shear-thinning, high-molecular-weight polystyrene were tested in an Instron capillary rheometer. The axial velocity distribution was found to be negligibly affected by pressure whereas the viscosity was shown to increase markedly with a decrease in volume. The resulting pressure effects on the viscosity of both samples were analyzed by using the derived expressions. 相似文献
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A procedure is explained to determined the amount of several pairs of diametrical loads applied to the outside boundary of
a ring when stresses at selected points of the inside or outside boundaries are known. Coefficients of influence are used,
following an approach similar to the one presented in a previous paper. Examples of application are given and the possible
increase in precision is shown when the number of points of measurements is larger than the number of loads to be determined. 相似文献