Graphene Oxide Protected Nucleic Acid Probes for Bioanalysis and Biomedicine

Recently, the binding ability of DNA on GO and resulting nuclease resistance have attracted increasing attention, leading to new applications both in vivo and in vitro. In vivo, nucleic acids absorbed on GO can be effectively protected from enzymatic degradation and biological interference in complicated samples, making it useful for targeted delivery, gene regulation, intracellular detection and imaging with high uptake efficiencies, high intracellular stability, and very low toxicity. In vitro, the adsorption of ssDNA on GO surface and desorption of dsDNA or well‐folded ssDNA from GO surface result in the protection and deprotection of DNA from nucleic digestion, respectively, which has led to target‐triggered cyclic enzymatic amplification methods (CEAM) for amplified detection of analytes with sensitivity 2–3 orders of magnitude higher than that of 1:1 binding strategies. This Concept article explores some of the latest developments in this field.     

Homogeneous,Low-volume,Efficient, and Sensitive Quantitation of Circulating Exosomal PD-L1 for Cancer Diagnosis and Immunotherapy Response Prediction

Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment, but its efficacy is severely hindered by the lack of effective predictors. Herein, we developed a homogeneous, low-volume, efficient, and sensitive exosomal programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1, a type of transmembrane protein) quantitation method for cancer diagnosis and immunotherapy response prediction (HOLMES-Exo_PD-L1). The method combines a newly evolved aptamer that efficiently binds to PD-L1 with less hindrance by antigen glycosylation than antibody, and homogeneous thermophoresis with a rapid binding kinetic. As a result, HOLMES-Exo_PD-L1 is higher in sensitivity, more rapid in reaction time, and easier to operate than existing enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-based methods. As a consequence of an outstanding improvement of sensitivity, the level of circulating exosomal PD-L1 detected by HOLMES-Exo_PD-L1 can effectively distinguish cancer patients from healthy volunteers, and for the first time was found to correlate positively with the metastasis of adenocarcinoma. Overall, HOLMES-Exo_PD-L1 brings a fresh approach to exosomal PD-L1 quantitation, offering unprecedented potential for early cancer diagnosis and immunotherapy response prediction.     

Generation of 2－10ns Excimer Laser Pulse by Optical Synchronizing Wave－clipping

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铷原子双共振激发态光抽运光谱及其在1.5μm半导体激光器稳频中的应用

本文介绍分别采用双共振光抽运(DROP)和光学双共振(OODR)光谱技术获得铷原子激发态5P_3/2-4D_3/2 (4D_5/2)之间的超精细跃迁光谱.与传统的OODR光谱相比,DROP光谱在信噪比、线宽等方面具有明显的优势.当1 529 nm光栅外腔半导体激光器的频率采用DROP光谱锁定于～87Rb原子的5P_3/2(F'=3) -4D_3/2(F"=3)超精细跃迁线时,300 s内典型的残余频率起伏为～0.65 MHz;明显优于采用OODR光谱锁频的结果(300 s内典型的残余频率起伏为～1.8 MHz).     

Translating Molecular Recognition into a Pressure Signal to enable Rapid,Sensitive, and Portable Biomedical Analysis

Herein, we demonstrate that a very familiar, yet underutilized, physical parameter—gas pressure—can serve as signal readout for highly sensitive bioanalysis. Integration of a catalyzed gas‐generation reaction with a molecular recognition component leads to significant pressure changes, which can be measured with high sensitivity using a low‐cost and portable pressure meter. This new signaling strategy opens up a new way for simple, portable, yet highly sensitive biomedical analysis in a variety of settings.     

First Hyperpolarizability Evolutions of Some Extended Sesquifulvalene Compounds

Molecular orbital calculations of some extended sesquifulvalene compounds as O_n with olefins bridge and T_n with thiophenes bridge as well as their corresponding cyclopentadienyl‐iron(II) coordination compounds as IO_n and IT_n at the hybrid density functional theory level demonstrate that the dipole moment depends linearly on the molecular size (n), and the linear polarizability depends linearly on n² as well as the first hyperpolarizability also has a linear dependence on n³.     

关于分数次Marcinkiewicz积分在Hardy空间上的有界性

本文研究了核函数粗糙的分数次Marcinkiewicz积分μΩ,α在Hardy空间上的有界性.利用Hardy空间的原子分解定理,获得了算子μΩ,α的H1,Ln-nα型和(Hp,Lq)型的有界性结果.     

校车安排问题

探讨如何安排校车运行使得教师和工作人员尽量满意的问题.首先建立动态规划模型和选址规划模型,求出合理站点位置及其总距离.然后用归一法定义满意度与距离的函数关系,考虑各区域人数,建立选址规划模型.得到合理站点位置和总满意度.之后建立双目标非线性规划模型,利用量纲分析法给出权重,以此求出合理乘车位置和满意度.最后对问题进行推...