Measurements on diproton emission from the break-up channels of ~(23)Al and ~(22)Mg

Two-proton relative momentum distributions from the break-up channels 23Al→p+p+21Na and 22Mg→p+p+20Ne at an energy of 60-70 A MeV have been measured together with two-proton opening angles at the projectile fragment separator beamline (RIPS) in the RIKEN Ring Cyclotron Facility. The results demonstrate the existence of diproton emission component from single-step 2He for highly excited 23Al and 22Mg.     

镁合金用水溶性脱模剂 MK-300、MK-400的研制及其性能评价

研制开发了镁合金压铸用水溶性脱模剂MK-300、MK-400,可在高倍稀释的条件下使用,实验及实用结果显示MK-300、MK-400的脱模性、润滑性、高温附着性、模具保温性、模具残留物、铸件喷涂适应性、废液处理等均取得了满意的效果。     

超流氦噪声沸腾过程中的压力振动分析：小试样几何尺寸对噪声沸？…

小试样的几何形状尺寸是影响噪声沸腾状态的一个重要的因素. 对于不同几何尺寸的小试样, 沸腾发生时所产生的气泡的尺寸不同, 因而所产生的压力振动的幅度和特征频率就不同. 采用一个归一化因子将不同几何形状尺寸下的实验数据进行统一, 发现振动的特征频率与几何尺寸因子之间存在对数曲线的关系.     

CFD ANALYSIS OF TURBULENT FLOW PAST SQUARE CYLINDER USING DYNAMIC LES

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of turbulent flow past a square cylinder is conducted using large eddy simulation (LES). In the first part of the paper, the implementation of the three-dimensional (3-D) LES computation based on the conventional standard Smagorinsky model (S model) shows a good prediction capability compared with that of turbulence models based on Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations (RANS models). Next, the computation using the dynamic Smagorinsky model (DS model) is carried out, and the improvement by the use of DS model is described. Lastly, the Lagrangian dynamic Smagorinsky model (LDS model) is introduced to overcome the disadvantages of DS model, e.g., calculation instability. Results obtained from the various SGS models are compared with those from experiments.     

超流氦中的沸腾实验研究:压力测量及其可视化

在超流氢的沸腾实验中,随着静压液柱高度ｈ的降低,会出现不同的沸腾状态。在噪声沸腾中,一个与平板加热器大小相当的气泡在其表面上反复地长大、缩小,并伴随着巨大的噪声和剧烈的机械振动;在无噪声沸腾中,在平板加热器表面形成一个极稳定的气膜,并且,没有噪声和机械振动出现;而在两者之间,存在一个过渡的沸腾状态。通过沸腾过程中的压力振动测量和可视化测量,对不同沸腾状态进行了研究。     

RESONANT PROPERTIES OF SHORT EXPANSION CHAMBERS IN A CIRCULAR DUCT: INCLUDING EXTREMELY SHORT CASES AND ASYMMETRIC MODE WAVE INCIDENCE CASES

Resonant properties of short expansion chambers are studied comprehensively using a traditional analytical approach with simply refined equations. Containing enough number of radial modes in calculation, properties of chambers including the cases of extremely short ones and/or asymmetric mode waves incidence are investigated, and confirmed experimentally with the well-designed apparatus. For various dimensions of chambers and for any mode wave incidence, resonant properties are simply summarized using the resonant frequency, which is almost decisively normalized by the chamber depth and the wavelength of the plane wave for an extremely short one; and by the chamber diameter for a relatively long one with the transition length from acoustically short (resonant-type) to long (common-type): the length is also decided by the chamber diameter. As the case may be, the extremely short chamber might be applicable as a compact resonator muffler.     

Effect of Electrical Muscle Stimulation on Vascular Endothelial Function during Prolonged Sitting

Objective: While prolonged sedentary behaviors (SBs) increase cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, interrupting prolonged sitting (PS) with frequent light exercise reduces arterial functional decline. Skeletal muscle electrical stimulation (EMS) enhances peripheral circulation through passive muscle contraction, suggesting that EMS reduces CVD risk by providing an alternative to active exercise for prolonged SBs. This study aimed to investigate the effects of EMS to skeletal muscles during PS on the endothelial function of the brachial artery (BA). Methods: Study participants included 12 healthy adult men who were subjected to 15 min of supine rest, followed by 1 h of PS only (control [CON] trial), or 20 min of EMS to the lower extremities at 50% of the maximum tolerance intensity during PS (EMS trial). Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the BA was measured before and 30 min after PS, and normalized FMD (nFMD) was calculated. Results: The nFMD of the CON trial significantly decreased 30 min after PS completion (6.21% ± 1.13%) compared with that before PS (7.26% ± 0.73%), and there was no significant change in the EMS trial before and after PS. The EMS trial showed a significant increase in the nFMD 30 min after PS completion (1.14 ± 0.77) compared with that before PS (0.84 ± 0.43). However, no significant difference was observed in the CON trials. Conclusion: Passive contraction of the lower extremity muscles by EMS increases BA nFMD, suggesting that prolonged sedentary lower extremity EMS use may reduce the risk of vascular endothelial dysfunction.     

SNOM Observations of Surface Plasmon Polaritons on Metal Heterostructures

We observe surface plasmon polariton （SPP） refraction on a metal heterostructured sample with a scattered-type scanning near-field optical microscope （SNOM）. The sample consists of AI and Au in-plane whose boundary is smooth enough with proper etching time. SPPs excited on the AI film travel to the boundary and a portion of SPPs propagates into the Au film. In addition, interference fringes appear in the SNOM image bent at the boundary. The result is analysed with effective index method and the refracted angle is explained by Shell＇s law.     

超流氦中的沸腾实验研究及其光学测量

在超流氦的沸腾实验中,随着静压液柱的降低,会出现不同的沸腾状态。在噪块沸腾中,一个与平板加热器大小相当的包在其表面上反复地长大、缩小,并伴随着巨大的噪声和剧烈的机械振动;在无噪声沸胶中,在平板加热器表面形成一个极稳定的气膜,并且,没有噪声和机械振动出现;而在两者之间,存在一个过渡的沸腾状态。在本文中,通过对沸腾过程中的可视化测量和对沸腾时的压力振动的测量,对超流氦中的不同沸腾状态进行了研究。     

NEAR UV-INDUCED FREE RADICALS IN OCULAR LENS, STUDIED BY ESR AND SPIN TRAPPING

An electron spin resonance (ESR) study on UV-photolysis of human and canine lens nuclei was carried out at room temperature. (1) At least two kinds of free radical signals, a narrow signal and a broad one, were detected at around g = 2.004. The latter is similar to that observed upon irradiation of a model solution containing both tryptophan and cysteine. (2) Two spin adducts were detected upon irradiation of canine lens in the presence of a spin trapping reagent (DMPO, 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide), i.e. a spin adduct of sulphur-centered radical (most likely glutathione thiyl radical) and the protonated adduct of solvated electron (presumably due to photo-ionization of tryptophan). (3) A tentative and simplified reaction mechanism of UV-induced damage is discussed on the basis of these observations.