Impact of micelles on the biocidal efficiency in a diesel–water interface

Biodegradation occurs in the diesel/water interface in petroleum product pipelines. The microbial contamination can result in inhibitor/fuel degradation, leading to unacceptable levels of turbidity, filter plugging, storage tank corrosion and stored product souring. Therefore, selection of the biocide/inhibitor plays an important role in the transportation of petroleum products through pipelines. Three biocides (cationic and nonionic) were employed to study the biodegradation in a diesel‐water interface. The biocidal efficiency against degradation of diesel was examined by employing Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) techniques. Bronopol (2‐bromo‐2‐nitro‐propane‐1, 3‐diol) was found to have higher bactericidal efficiency than N‐cetyl‐N,N, N‐trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and cetyl pyridinum bromide (CPB). But the cationic biocides (CTAB and CPB) showed good biocidal efficiency at the interface. The data are explained in terms of a model that postulates the formation of a ‘micelle’ at the diesel‐water interface. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

High spin properties of 124Ba

The ¹²⁴Ba nucleus is investigated on the basis of the method of statistical mechanics by assuming the nucleons to move in triaxially deformed Nilsson potential. The variation in the Fermi energies of protons and neutrons is studied as a function of spin and temperature. The Fermi energies determined as a function of angular momentum is used to study the dependence of shell correction on angular momentum using the Strutinsky smoothing procedure. The most important observation is that the shell correction is almost the same for all spins for ¹²⁴Ba. The spin cutoff parameter and the single particle level density parameter are studied as a function of spin and temperature. Constant entropy lines drawn by plotting the excitation energy against angular momentum are found to be roughly at constant energy above the yrast line and are almost equally spaced. It is observed that no yrast traps are present for ¹²⁴Ba.     

Transition metal mediated selective C vs N arylation of 2-aminonaphthoquinone and its application toward the synthesis of benzocarbazoledione

Selective C vs N-arylation of 2-aminonaphthoquinone was achieved using different transition metal salts and arylboronic acids. Mn(OAc)₃·2H₂O provided C-arylated product whereas NiCl₂·6H₂O and Cu(OAc)₂·H₂O provided N-mono arylated and N,N-diarylated products respectively. Usefulness of the C and N arylated product was demonstrated by converting it into benzocarbazoledione.     

Effect of NiO/Ni(OH)2 nanostructures in graphene/CNT nanocomposites on their interfacial charge transport kinetics for high-performance supercapacitors

Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - Graphene sheet/multiwall carbon nanotube (GMC) and its composites with NiO and Ni(OH)2 are synthesized by microwave-assisted technique for the application...     

One-pot assembly of tricyclo[6.2.1.0(1,6)]undecan-4-one and related polycyclic compounds by tandem electroreductive cyclization

[reaction: see text] Electroreductive tandem cyclization of 4-allyl-4-(2-bromoprop-2-en-1-yl)cyclohex-2-en-1-one to tricyclo[6.2.1.0(1,6)]undecan-4-one has been demonstrated. This protocol represents an attractive alternative to conventional tandem radical cyclization.     

Microporous carbon aerogel prepared through ambient pressure drying route as anode material for lithium ion cells

Carbon aerogel synthesized through a cost‐effective and easy method was evaluated and found to be a promising anode material for lithium ion cells. Carbon aerogel was prepared by carbonizing resorcinol–formaldehyde (RF) aerogel under inert atmosphere. Resorcinol–formaldehyde aerogel in turn was prepared through sol gel polymerization of resorcinol with formaldehyde using sodium carbonate as catalyst adopting ambient pressure drying route. The structure and the morphology of the prepared carbon aerogel are investigated using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and surface area determined using N₂–Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method. The TEM images reveal microporous morphology of the carbon aerogel particles. The evaluation of carbon aerogel as an anode material revealed promising specific capacity synergized with outstanding cyclability. The first cycle specific capacity was 288 mAh/g with an efficiency of 63% at C/10 rate. The material retained a capacity of 96.9% of the initial capacity with about 100% efficiency after 100 cycles, showing the excellent cyclability of the material. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Simple construction of bicyclo[4.3.0]nonane,bicyclo[3.3.0]octane,and related benzo derivatives by palladium-catalyzed cycloalkenylation

[reaction: see text] Bicyclo[4.3.0]nonanes (hydrindanes) and bicyclo[3.3.0]octanes (octahydropentalenes) are easily synthesized by palladium-catalyzed cycloalkenylations. Additionally, benzo-fused bicyclo[3.3.0]octanes are prepared for the first time through intramolecular coupling between silyl enol ethers and aromatic rings in the presence of catalytic palladium acetate.     

FT-IR, NIR-FT-Raman and gas phase infrared spectra of 3-aminoacetophenone by density functional theory and ab initio Hartree-Fock calculations

The gas phase infrared spectrum of 3-aminoacetophenone (3AAP) was measured in the range 5000-500cm(-1) and with a resolution of 0.5cm(-1). The Fourier transform Raman (FT-Raman) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra of 3AAP were recorded in the solid phase. Geometry optimizations were done without any constraint and several thermodynamic parameters were calculated for the minimum energy conformer at ab initio and density functional theory (DFT) levels invoking 6-311G(2df 2p) basis set and the results are compared with the experimental values. Harmonic-vibrational wavenumber was also calculated for the minimum energy conformer at ab initio and DFT levels using 6-31G(d,p) basis set and the results are compared with related molecules. With the help of specific scaling procedures, the observed vibrational wavenumbers in gas phase, FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra were analyzed and assigned to different normal modes of the molecule. Most of the modes have wavenumbers in the expected range, the error obtained was in general very low. The appropriate theoretical spectrogram for the FT-IR spectra of the title molecule is also constructed.     

Hydrogen bonding due to regioisomerism and its effect on the supramolecular architecture of diethyl 2‐[(2/4‐hydroxyanilino)methylidene]malonates

Diethyl 2‐[(2‐hydroxyanilino)methylidene]malonate, (I), and diethyl 2‐[(4‐hydroxyanilino)methylidene]malonate, (II), both C₁₄H₁₇NO₅, crystallize in centrosymmetric orthorhombic and monoclinic crystal systems, respectively. Compound (I) resides on a crystallographic mirror plane and displays bifurcated intramolecular hydrogen bonding, as well as intermolecular hydrogen bonding due to the position of the hydroxy group. Compound (II) has a single intramolecular N—H...O hydrogen bond. Infinite one‐dimensional head‐to‐tail chains formed by O—H...O hydrogen bonding are present in both structures. The molecular packing is mainly influenced by the intermolecular O—H...O interactions. Additionally, C—H...O interactions crosslinking the chains are found in (II).