Electron diffraction study of the structure of the NbOF3 molecule

Simultaneous electron diffraction and mass spectrometric study of vapor over hydrolyzed NbF₅ was carried out. Conditions providing the presence of niobium oxytrifluoride in the gas phase have been revealed, and structural parameters of the NbOF₃ molecule, corresponding to the r_α configuration of C_3v symmetry, have been determined: r_α(Nb=O) 1.688(7), Å; r_α(Nb-F) 1.861(4) Å; r_α(O-F) 2.857(23) Å; r_α(F-F) 3.079(22) Å; ∠_α(O-Nb-F) 107.1(1.5)^o; ∠_α(F-Nb-F) 111.6(1.4)^o. Ivanovo State Chemical Technological Academy. Ivanovo State University. Translated fromZhumal Struktumoi Khimii, Vol. 37, No. 4, pp. 708–715, July–August, 1996. Translated by L. Smolina     

Structural and thermodynamic aspects of an electron-diffraction study on saturated thallium monofluoride vapor

Ivanovo Chemical Engineering Institute. Translated from Zhurnal Strukturnoi Khimii, Vol. 30, No. 1, pp. 42–49, January–February, 1989.     

Relationship between the molecular structure of amino acids and dipeptides and thermal sublimation effects

This paper reports on our mass spectrometric study of sublimation of glycine and DL-alanyl-glycine (Ala-gly). The sublimation enthalpy of Ala-gly has been determined by generalization of the data obtained and the results of AM1 quantum-chemical calculations. A relationship has been found between the sublimation enthalpy (ΔH _subl), heat capacity (C _P), and the sum of bond lengths (Σn _i l _i ) in 17 α-amino acid and 9 dipeptide molecules. Correlations are suggested for evaluating ΔH _subl of amino acids and peptides.     

Investigation of the structure and energetics of β-diketonates. II. Structure of the bis-dipivaloylmethanatocopper(II) molecule by gas phase electron diffraction

Ivanovsk State University. Translated from Zhurnal Strukturnoi Khimii, Vol. 33, No. 6, pp. 76–83, November–December, 1992.     

Gas electron diffraction study of the molecular structure of NbCl4

The structure of the NbCl₄ molecule is studied experimentally by the synchronous electron diffraction and mass spectrometry methods. The model molecular geometries of C_2v, C_3v, D_2d, and T_d symmetries are verified. The advantages of the tetrahedral model over the other models are established. The thermally averaged parameters of the effective configuration of the NbCl₄ molecule are as follows: r_g(Nb?Cl)=2.279(5) Å, l(Nb?Cl)=0.073(2) Å, r_g(Cl?Cl)=3.692(17) Å, l(Cl?Cl)=0.275(11) Å, ∠_g(Cl-Nb-Cl)=108.2(5)°, and δ(Cl?Cl)=0.030(19) Å.     

Investigation of structure and energetics of β-diketonates. III. Conformational study of copper(II) dipivaloylmethanate. Determination of the internal rotation barrier oftert-butyl groups

Ivanovo State University. Ivanovo Chemical Engineering Institute. Translated fromZhurnal Strukturnoi Khimii, Vol. 35, No. 4, pp. 135–138, July–August, 1994.     

Internal dynamics of the LaI3 molecule. II. Thermal average structure of the molecule and mean square vibration amplitudes

The structural parameters of the effective r _g configuration of the LaI₃ molecule were calculated using the DFT/B3LYP method. The difference between the calculated values of r _e (La-I) and r _g (La-I) is mostly due to the anharmonicity of the ν₁ and ν₂ vibrations and does not exceed the error in determining the distance r _g (La-I) in the electron diffraction experiment. Inclusion of the anharmonicity of the ν₂ and ν₄ deformation vibrations in calculations leads to decreased amplitudes l(I…I) and shrinking effect δ(I…I) compared to the respective values obtained in the harmonic approximation. The LaI₃ molecule proved to be more rigid than predicted by B3LYP calculations.     

Molecular structure and barriers to internal rotation of α-naphthalenesulfonyl chloride: a study by gas-phase electron diffraction and quantum chemical calculations

α-Naphthalenesulfonyl chloride, α-NaphSC, was studied by gas-phase electron diffraction (GED) and quantum chemical calculations (HF/6-311 + G**, HF/aug-cc-pVDZ, B3LYP/cc-pVDZ, B3LYP/cc-pVTZ, B3LYP/aug-cc-pVDZ, B3LYP/aug-cc-pVTZ, MP2/cc-pVDZ, and MP2/cc-pVTZ). The calculations predict the existence of two conformers with C ₁ (I) and C _s (II) symmetries. The most stable conformer I has an enantiomer. The experimental data of α-NaphSC obtained at 370(5) K could be best fitted by a C ₁ symmetry model indicating that only this form exists in the gas-phase. In this model the C_α–S–Cl plane deviates from the perpendicular orientation relative to the plane of the naphthalene skeleton. Under the applied experimental conditions, the mole fraction of a second less stable conformer II of α-NaphSC predicted by calculations is no more than 1 %. The following geometrical parameters of conformer I were obtained from the experiment (Å and °; uncertainties are in parentheses): r _h1(C–H) = 1.082(6), r _h1(C–C)_cp = 1.407(3), r _h1(C–S) = 1.764(5), r _h1(S–O)_av = 1.425(3), r _h1(S–Cl) = 2.051(5), ∠C–C_α–C = 122.5(1), ∠C_α–S–Cl = 101.5(10); C9–C1–S–Cl = 71.4(21). The calculated barriers to internal rotation of the sulfonyl chloride group exceed considerably the thermal energy values corresponding to the temperatures of the GED experiments. Natural bond orbitals analysis of the electron density distribution was carried out to explain the peculiarities of the molecular structure of the studied compound and the deviation from the structures of β-NaphSHal molecules and their benzene analogs.     

Electronic effects of the functional groups in ortho-Nitrobenzenesulfonic acids on the results of NBO analysis

An NBO analysis of electronic density distribution is performed for gaseous benzenesulfonic acid and its mono- and trinitro-substituted molecules (B3LYP, MP2, HF /cc-pVTZ). The energy of orbital inter-actions of nitro and sulfonic groups with benzene ring orbitals is calculated for the most stable acid conformers, and the contributions of inductive and resonance effects of substituents are determined. The dependences of these contributions on the positions and number of nitro groups in an aromatic ring and the possibility of intramolecular hydrogen bond formation are revealed. The nitro group in nitrobenzene exhibits a stronger electron-acceptor effect than the sulfonic group in benzenesulfonic acid. Under the influence of the strong electron-acceptor properties of the nitrogroups, the sulfonic group has a donating effect in ortho-nitrosubstituted benzenesulfonic acids.