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排序方式: 共有231条查询结果,搜索用时 226 毫秒
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Adam Bange Jian Tu Xiaoshan Zhu Chong Ahn H. Brian Halsall William R. Heineman 《Electroanalysis》2007,19(21):2202-2207
A microbead based sandwich immunoassay for MS2 bacteriophage was developed using an interdigitated array (IDA) electrode with nanoscale dimensions (220 nm electrode width, 620 nm gap). The IDA was fabricated using an electron beam lithographic lift‐off technique. After an antibody‐assisted capture of MS2 using paramagnetic microbeads, a β‐galactosidase labeled secondary antibody was used to convert p‐aminophenyl‐β‐D ‐galactopyranoside (PAPG) into the redox active p‐aminophenol (PAP). Amperometric detection of PAP with IDA electrodes at +300 and ?200 mV vs. a Ag/AgCl reference electrode was used to measure the result, detecting MS2 concentrations as low as 10 ng/mL. 相似文献
4.
An alternative substrate is described for enzyme immunosaasay with electrochemical detection. Alkaline phosphatase (EC.3.1.3.1) activity is determined by using p-aminophenyl phosphate as the enzyme substrate. Enzyme-generated p-aminophenol is detected amperometrically at a glassy carbon electrody by liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. The oxidation potential obtained for the detectionof p-aminophenol is lower than that for phenol, the previously used substrate product. The detection limit for p-aminophenol is 0.20pmol. A detection limit of 30 pg ml-1 for digoxin and a 5-min incubationtime for the enzyme reaction were obtained with the new system. 相似文献
5.
Cyclic voltammetry in a perfluorocarbon emulsion based blood substitute (PEBS) was evaluated. The intent was to determine how PEBS affects the voltammetry of four representative electroactive compounds: potassium ferricyanide, ruthenium(II) trisbipyridine (rutris), hydroquinone, and 2,6‐dichloroindophenol (DCIP). Voltammograms in 0–20% PEBS‐Tris buffer mixtures are affected by PEBS, but reasonably well‐defined voltammograms are obtained in as much as 20% v/v. This report also shows that PEBS has only a small effect on amperometric detection of the reaction between DCIP and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), which has importance in clinical homogeneous immunoassays. Results support continued exploration of voltammetry/amperometry for quantitative analysis in this medium. 相似文献
6.
Hong Shen James E. Mark Carl J. Seliskar Harry B. Mark Jr. William R. Heineman 《Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry》1997,1(3):241-247
One problem associated with using bare solid metal electrodes, such as gold and platinum, in stripping analysis to determine
heavy metal ions such as lead and copper ions in dilute solutions is that underpotential deposition (UPD) gives multiple stripping
peaks in the analysis of mixtures. These peaks are often overlapped and cannot be conveniently used for analytical purposes.
Bifunctional alkylthiols, such as 3-mercaptopropionic acid, with an ionizable group on the other terminal end of the thiol
can form self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on the surface of the gold electrode. It is shown that such an SAM-modified gold
electrode minimizes the UPD effects for the stripping analysis of lead and copper. The anodic peak potential shifts and the
peak shape changes, indicating that the SAM changes the deposition and stripping steps of these heavy metal ions. Thus, the
sensitivity levels for both single species and mixtures can be significantly improved for the conventional solid electrodes.
The mechanism of the deposition reaction at the SAM-modified gold electrodes is discussed.
Received: 29 May 1997 / Accepted: 24 June 1997 相似文献
7.
A new method for development of an electrochemical sensor based on lactate oxidase is dedbed. Platinized spectroscopic-grade graphite electrodes were modified by chemically cross-linking l-lactate oxidase from Pediococcus species into a poly(vinyl alcohol) network through reaction with a tri-isocyanate. The immobilized enzyme exhibits high activity and long-term stability. The sensor provides a linear response to l-lactate over a concentration range of 2 x 10(-5)-4 x 10(-3)M and a sensitivity of 1.71 muA.1. mmole(-1). The response time of the sensor is 10-45 sec and the detection limit is 10muM. Stable response to the substrate was obtained over a period of 3 months. The new sensor was also used for the analysis of some dairy products without any special pretreatment. 相似文献
8.
Ternary Halides of the A3MX6 Type. II. The System Ag3?xNaxYCl6: Synthesis, Structures, Ionic Conductivity . The influence of the substitution of Ag+ by Na+ ions on the crystal structure and the ionic conductivity of Ag3YCl6 (stuffed LiSbF6-type structure) has been investigated. The system Ag3?xNaxYCl6 forms a complete solid solution. The stuffed LiSbF6-type structure is stable for all compositions. For compounds with Na+ contents of x > 1.67, the cryolite-type structure is observed as the high-temperature form. The transition temperature decreases steadily with increasing Na+ content. The “end member” phase Na3YCl6 transforms at 243 K from the monoclinic cryolite-type structure to the stuffed LiSbF6-type structure (trigonal, R3 ; a = 697.3(1), c = 1 868.4(14) pm, Z = 3; R = 0.094; Rw = 0.069). The crystal structures of Ag1.3Na1.7YCl6 (trigonal, R3 ; a = 691.5(2), c = 1 853.7(6) pm, Z = 3; R = 0.099, Rw = 0.081) and AgNa2YCl6 (trigonal, R3 ; a = 691.7(1), c = 1 853.9(5) pm, Z = 3; R = 0.099, Rw = 0.064) have also been determined. Both chlorides crystallize like Ag3YCl6 and Na3YCl6-I in the stuffed LiSbF6-type structure. The monovalent cations, Ag+ and Na+, are distributed over the five octahedral voids that are occupied by the Ag+ ions alone in Ag3YCl6. The ionic conductivity for compounds within the solid solution Ag3?xNaxYCl6 decreases with increasing Na+ content. The values for Na3YCl6 (σ = 1 · 10?6 Ω?1 cm?1 at T = 500 K) are by 2.5 to 3.5 orders of magnitude smaller than those for Ag3YCl6 (σ = 6 · 10?4 Ω?1 cm?1 at T = 500 K). 相似文献
9.
Quaternized poly(4‐vinylpyridine) (QPVP) has been incorporated as an anion exchanger into sol‐gel derived silica films for use in a spectroelectrochemical sensor. The preparation, characteristics and performance of these films are described. The films, which are spin‐coated onto the surface of a planar optically transparent electrode, are optically transparent and uniform. Scanning electron microscopy and spectroscopic ellipsometry have been used to examine film structure, thickness and optical properties. These films have been shown both spectroscopically and electrochemically to preconcentrate ferrocyanide, a model analyte for the sensor. The films can be regenerated for multiple measurements by exposure to 1 M KNO3. The effects of polymer molecular weight and storage conditions on film performance are described. The overall response of this film is comparable to the poly(dimethyldiallylammonium chloride)‐silica films previously used for this sensor. 相似文献
10.
Conductivity as a Sensor for Monitoring Relative Magnesium Corrosion Rates in Real‐time,in Serum‐containing Media under Cell Culture Conditions 下载免费PDF全文
Kolade Ojo Tracy Hopkins Madhura Joshi Pravahan Salunke Guangqi Zhang Keaton Nahan Zhannping Zhang Daoli Zhao Sarah K. Pixley Vesselin Shanov William R. Heineman 《Electroanalysis》2016,28(12):3000-3008
Because controlling the corrosion rate of magnesium metal will be crucial to the success of biomedical implants containing pure magnesium or magnesium alloys, many ways have been sought to improve in vitro tests to analyze corrosion rates, and also to identify new methods of preparing or post‐processing magnesium. In this work, for an in vitro assay, we explored the use of a commercially available conductivity sensor to study magnesium corrosion under cell culture conditions that duplicate many physiologically appropriate parameters. With this sensor, we studied the corrosion of two previously untested magnesium single crystal samples that differed in surface treatments that could alter corrosion rates. The results show that the relative conductivity changes in (mS/cm) over the total time of immersion were proportional to the corrosion rates in (mm/y) and also to the total magnesium released, as detected by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS). 相似文献