Phosphonomethylation of 2-aminoethanethiol and thiazolidine. An unexpected product

Phosphonomethylation of 2-aminoethanethiol and thiazolidine gives the unexpected dimethylene diphosphonic acid 6.     

Antistatic applications of conducting polyaniline

A method is described to impart flexibility and mechanical strength to conducting polyaniline by polymerizing aniline on fabrics and on cellulose papers. The study indicates that these conducting fabrics offer 16–18 dB of shielding effectiveness for the control of electromagnetic interference (EMI) up to a frequency of 10³ MHz.     

1-Phenyl-6,7-disubstituted-aminopropyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines as possible antituberculer agents

The Condensation of 3,4-disubstituted phenylethylamine and benzaldehyde furnished l-phenyl-6,7-disubstituted-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines l. which on reaction with 1,3-dibromopropane gave l-phenyl-6,7-disubstituted-2-(3-bromoprophyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines 2. The reaction of 2 with different secondary amines resulted in the synthesis of 3. The compounds 3 were screened for their in vitro antituberculer activity against Mycobacterium smegmatis, and some of them have been found to be total inhibitors of M. Smegmatis     

EPR Studies of Oxo-Molybdenum(V) Complexes with Sulfur Donor Ligands: Implications for the Molybdenum Center of Sulfite Oxidase

A series of six-coordinate compounds containing a chelating dithiolate coordinated to the [LMo(V)O](2+) unit (L = hydrotris(3,5-dimethyl-1-pyrazolyl)borate) have been characterized by EPR spectroscopy as models for the molybdenum centers of pterin-containing molybdenum enzymes. The structure of LMoO(bdt) (1) (bdt = 1,2-benzenedithiolate) has been determined by X-ray crystallography; the space group is P2(1)/n with a = 10.727(1) ?, b = 14.673(2) ?, c = 15.887(2) ?, beta = 100.317(4) degrees and Z = 4. Compound 1 exhibits distorted octahedral stereochemistry; the terminal oxo group and the sulfur atoms are mutually cis to one another. The Mo=O distance is 1.678(4) ?, and the average Mo-S distance is 2.373(2) ?. The EPR parameters for 1, determined from simulation of the frozen-solution spectrum, are g(1) = 2.004, g(2) = 1.972, g(3) = 1.934 and A(1)((95,97)Mo) = 50.0 x 10(-)(4), A(2) = 11.4 x 10(-)(4), A(3) = 49.7 x 10(-)(4) cm(-)(1). The EPR parameters for several LMo(V)O{S(CH(2))(x)()S} compounds (x = 2-4) with saturated chelate skeletons are similar to those of 1, indicating that it is the coordinated S atoms and not unsaturation of the chelate skeleton that gives rise to the large g values for 1. The presence of g components larger than the free-electron value is ascribed to low-energy charge transfer transitions from the filled sulfur pi orbitals to half-filled Mo d orbitals. The EPR spectrum of [LMo(V)O{S(2)P(OEt)(2)}](+) shows an unusually large isotropic (31)P hyperfine splitting of 66.1 x 10(-)(4) cm(-)(1) from the noncoordinated phosphorus atom. The frozen-solution EPR spectra of the low-pH and high-pH forms of sulfite oxidase have been reinvestigated in D(2)O and the anisotropic g and A((95,97)Mo) parameters determined by simulation of the spectrum arising from the naturally abundant Mo isotopes (75% I = 0, 25% I = (5)/(2)). The EPR parameters for the low-pH form are g(1) = 2.007, g(2) = 1.974, g(3) = 1.968 and A(1) = 56.7 x 10(-)(4), A(2) = 25.0 x 10(-)(4), A(3) = 16.7 x 10(-)(4) cm(-)(1). The EPR parameters for the high-pH form are g(1) = 1.990, g(2) = 1.966, g(3) = 1.954 and A(1) = 54.4 x 10(-)(4), A(2) = 21.0 x 10(-)(4), A(3) = 11.3 x 10(-)(4) cm(-)(1). These are the first determinations of the complete A((95,97)Mo) hyperfine components for an enzyme that possesses an [Mo(VI)O(2)](2+) core in its fully oxidized state.     

Size dependent structural and magnetic behaviour of CaFe2O4

CaFe₂O₄ nanocrystalline powders were synthesized through sol–gel treatment in which the stoichiometric mixing of various nitrates involving calcium and iron in presence of citric acid was performed. Subsequently, the as prepared sample was annealed at various temperatures in order to obtain the fine distribution of size including the bulk counterpart. The samples were then characterized using powder X-ray diffraction followed by ⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy, SQUID as well as vibrating sample magnetometry. The results of spectroanalyses revealed that the samples were formed in single phase cubic spinel structure and exhibits room temperature superparamagnetism, except the bulk one, which crystallizes in characteristic orthorhombic structure of CaFe₂O₄ and displays trivial coercivity and remanent magnetization at room temperature.     

NOVEL UNSYMMETRICAL N,N-BIS(METHYLENE)BISPHOSPHONIC ACIDS OF α,ω-DIAMINES. PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF [[(2-AMINOETHYL)IMINO]BIS(METHYLENE)]BISPHOSPHONIC ACID AND [[(6-AMINOHEXYL)IMINO]BIS(METHYLENE)]BISPHOSPHONIC ACID

Abstract

Reaction of ethylenediamine with phosphorous acid and formaldehyde in molar ratio 1:2:2 gives [[(2-aminoethyl)imino]bis(methylene)]bisphosphonic acid (2a) as the major product. Similarly, reaction of hexamethylenediamine with phosphorous acid and formaldehyde in molar ratio 1:2:2 yields [[(6-aminohexyl)imino]bis(methylene)]bisphosphonic acid (2b) which is isolated either as [[(6-carbobenzoxyaminohexyl)imino]bis](methylene)]bisphosphonic acid (3b) or as [[6-(N-benzoylamino)hexyl)imino]bis(methylene)]bisphosphonic acid (4b). Removal of the carbobenzoxy group with HBr from 3b or the benzoyl group with HCl from 4b gives pure [[(6-aminohexyl)imino]bis(methylene)]bisphosphonic acid (2b). All compounds were characterized by ¹³C NMR, ³¹P NMR and elemental analysis.     

Artificial intelligence–based models for the qualitative and quantitative prediction of a phytochemical compound using HPLC method

Isoquercitrin is a flavonoid chemical compound that can be extracted from different plant species such as Mangifera indica (mango), Rheum nobile , Annona squamosal , Camellia sinensis (tea), and coriander ( Coriandrum sativum L.). It possesses various biological activities such as the prevention of thromboembolism and has anticancer, antiinflammatory, and antifatigue activities. Therefore, there is a critical need to elucidate and predict the qualitative and quantitative properties of this phytochemical compound using the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique. In this paper, three different nonlinear models including artificial neural network (ANN), adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), and support vector machine (SVM),in addition to a classical linear model [multilinear regression analysis (MLR)], were used for the prediction of the retention time (tR) and peak area (PA) for isoquercitrin using HPLC. The simulation uses concentration of the standard, composition of the mobile phases (MP-A and MP-B), and pH as the corresponding input variables. The performance efficiency of the models was evaluated using relative mean square error (RMSE), mean square error (MSE), determination coefficient (DC), and correlation coefficient (CC). The obtained results demonstrated that all four models are capable of predicting the qualitative and quantitative properties of the bioactive compound. A predictive comparison of the models showed that M3 had the highest prediction accuracy among the three models. Further evaluation of the results showed that ANFIS–M3 outperformed the other models and serves as the best model for the prediction of PA. On the other hand, ANN–M3proved its merit and emerged as the best model for tR simulation. The overall predictive accuracy of the best models showed them to be reliable tools for both qualitative and quantitative determination.     

17O and 14N spectroscopy of 17O-labeled nucleic acid bases

Oxygen-17 and nitrogen-14 nuclear magnetic resonance techniques have been utilized in studying liquid-state hydrogen bonding interactions between nucleic acid bases and between the bases and solvent. The bases uracil and thymine have been labeled with ¹⁷O at positions 2 and 4, cytosine at position 2 and thymine riboside at position 4. The ¹⁷O chemical shift was found to be a sensitive structural probe and to provide information concerning the resonance forms that contribute to the total wave function. The chemical shift of the oxygen of thymine and uracil at position 2 was detected at a higher field than that of oxygen at position 4, presumably owing to an increased contribution of single bonded-oxygen valence bond structures at position 2. The ¹⁷O and ¹⁴N chemical shifts of cytosine were found to be strongly pH dependent, and the results have been interpreted in terms of predominant cytosine resonance structures contributing to the aqueous cation and anion. The ¹⁷O line width of cytosine in aqueous solution indicates the presence of hydrogen bonded dimers between neutral and cationic forms.