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Tsakalof AK Bairachtari KA Aslani IS Chryssoulakis ID Kolisis FN 《Journal of separation science》2004,27(3):167-173
The materials and especially organic materials used for creation of art objects can be utilized by various microorganisms for their growth and facilitate the microbial colonization of the object. An understanding of the chemical alterations in artefacts caused by the presence of microorganisms can be crucial for correct identification of the materials initially used for the artefact creation--nowadays an important step in restoration and/or art-historical investigation of the art object. The present article describes a model experiment in which we investigated the possible chemical alterations in animal glue films used as substrate for growth of the fungus Aspergillus niger. The sterilized animal glue solution was poured into Petri dishes, inoculated with Aspergillus niger, and subsequently incubated at 15 degrees C for 0, 7, 9, 14, and 28 days. After interruption of incubation, the content of the Petri dish was analyzed for amino acid composition by the GC-MS based method. It was found that the growth of Aspergillus niger on animal glue films did not cause significant changes in the amino acid composition of the film and had no impact on animal glue identification. 相似文献
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We obtain an existence theorem for monotone positive solutions of nonlinear second-order nonlinear differential equations via principal and nonprincipal solutions of the corresponding homogeneous equation. 相似文献
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Bikiaris D Daniilia Sister Sotiropoulou S Katsimbiri O Pavlidou E Moutsatsou AP Chryssoulakis Y 《Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy》2000,56(1):3-18
The most widely-used inorganic pigments of Byzantine and post-Byzantine hagiography are earth pigments called ochres such as, red and yellow ochres, limonite, goethite, raw and burnt sienna, caput mortuum and hematite. The present experimental work proposes a technique of differentiation that allows one to distinguish among all the different kinds of iron oxides, thereby providing a better understanding of the painting technique used on portable icons and wall paintings. The ratios between the main spectroscopic peaks, attributable to the major components usually present in ochres, were calculated and compared, one against the another, from the spectra obtained through micro-Raman spectroscopy. Elementary composition is also revealed through a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. The possibility for detailed study on a particular Byzantine ochre palette can thus be performed based on the small differences in its nature and composition. These differences can first be observed and then measured among all of the natural earth pigments, through microRaman and microFTIR spectroscopies. 相似文献
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The development of a scheme to treat two-dimensional electromagneticscattering by electrically large, perfectly conducting bodiesis described. It incorporates the effects of surface curvatureand non-local phenomena and has the potential to provide thebasis for a general technique yielding more accurate predictionsthan the widely used physical optics method. 相似文献
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High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV-Vis Diode Array Detection (DAD) and electrospray mass spectrometric (ESI-MS) method was utilized for the identification of coloring components of madder, Armenian and Mexican cochineal, lac dye, brazilwood, safflower and dragon blood--probably the most important red natural dyestuffs found in objects of the cultural heritage. UV-Vis detection limits in the range of 0.2-0.6 ng for carminic acid, alizarin and purpurin were achieved using a gradient elution of H2O-0.01% TFA and CH3CN-0.01% TFA. ESI mass spectrometer was also used, as a supportive detection method to the standard DAD, for further analysis of the tested materials, with the ability to analyze dyestuffs as small as one milligram. The presence of madder was revealed in two historical (Hellenistic and Roman period) samples, found in the Mediterranean area, by identifying purpurin in both of them. Munjistin was also identified in one of the samples (Hellenistic period) while alizarin was not detected, raising questions regarding the exact madder type, utilized in the historical samples. 相似文献
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Zoran Samard?ijaRID=""ID="" To whom correspondence should be addressed Darko Makovec Miran ?eh 《Mikrochimica acta》2000,132(2-4):383-386
Yttrium-doped BaTiO3 ceramics have been studied as a potential material for positive temperature coefficient resistors (PTCR). The mechanism of
Y incorporation into BaTiO3 plays an important role for displaying good electrical properties. Determination of the amount of yttrium in the BaTiO3 as well as microstructure characterization of the samples were performed using SEM, EDS and WDS analysis. An optimized trace
element WDS quantitative analysis was applied to determine elemental concentrations for Ba, Ti and Y in the samples as accurately
as possible. BaTiO3 and Y2O3 were used as standards. Analysis was undertaken using a JEOL JXA 840A electron probe microanalyzer. WDS X-ray intensity measurements
were performed under 20 kV, 50 nA beam current and 0.2% preset standard counting deviation (σc) using a PET crystal. Measured k-ratios were quantified by ZAF matrix correction. Average results of WDS quantitative analysis showed 20.17 ± 0.08 at % Ti,
19.95 ± 0.09 at % Ba, 0.22 ± 0.03 at % Y, and 59.66 at % O. The results suggest incorporation of yttrium in the BaTiO3 preferentially at the Ba-sites, however partial incorporation of Y at Ti-sites could not be excluded. 相似文献
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