Electrochemical Determination of the Effect of Caffeic Acid onto the Interaction between Idarubicin and DNA by Single‐use Disposable Electrodes

Now it is well known, antioxidant may affect the interaction of anticancer drugs and DNA. This study aims to investigate the interaction between Idarubicin and DNA and the effect of caffeic acid on this interaction. Disposable, inexpensive, easy handle electrodes were used in this study to investigate the interaction of idarubicin and DNA electrochemically. Idarubicin (IDR) is an anthracyline antitumor antibiotic, which used against one or more types of leukemia. Electrochemical behaviour of IDR was investigated by using cyclic voltammetry. The interaction between anticancer drug, IDR and calf thymus double‐stranded DNA (ctdsDNA) was investigated by using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) technique in the absence and presence of caffeic acid.     

Development of temporal spectroscopic properties for Xerogel matrices doped with Rhodamine 6G dye

The solid host of a laser dye modifies its spectroscopic properties with respect to its liquid host. During the Sol-Gel process the dye molecules suffer from changing their environment. Two parameters affect this matter, the change in the concentration due to the evaporation of the solvent (drying) and the caging of dye molecules inside the pores or attachment to the silica network. Rhodamine 6G absorption and fluorescence spectra with different concentrations, during Sol-Gel time processing, have been studied. Both, absorption and fluorescence spectra of the dye in the solid host, for different concentrations, show a blue-shift relative to its liquid phase.     

A new pd-catalyzed cascade reaction for the synthesis of strained aromatic polycycles

Two new palladium catalyzed cascade reactions involving a 4-exo-dig cyclocarbopalladation are described. These processes are shown to convert bromoenediynes and bromodienynes into strained aromatic compounds in a single step.     

Degradation and epimerization of ergot alkaloids after baking and in vitro digestion

The degradation and epimerization of ergot alkaloids (EAs) in rye flour were investigated after baking cookies and subsequently subjecting them to an in vitro digestion model. Different steps of digestion were analyzed using salivary, gastric, and duodenal juices. The degradation and bidirectional conversion of the toxicologically relevant (R)-epimers and the biologically inactive (S)-epimers for seven pairs of EAs were determined by a HPLC method coupled with fluorescence detection. Baking cookies resulted in degradation of EAs (2–30?%) and a shift in the epimeric ratio toward the (S)-epimer for all EAs. The applied digestion model led to a selective toxification of ergotamine and ergosine, two ergotamine-type EAs. The initial percentage of the toxic (R)-epimer in relation to the total toxin content was considerably increased after digestion of cookies. Ergotamine and ergosine increased from 32 to 51?% and 35 to 55?%, respectively. In contrast, EAs of the ergotoxine type (ergocornine, α- and β-ergocryptine, and ergocristine) showed an epimeric shift toward their biologically inactive (S)-epimers. Further experiments indicated that the selective epimerization of ergotamine EAs occurs in the duodenal juice only. These results demonstrate that toxification of EAs in the intestinal tract should be taken into consideration.     

A novel nonreflecting boundary condition for unsteady flow

A novel nonreflecting boundary condition, which converges to the specified time‐dependent boundary condition within any degree of accuracy, is introduced for the numerical simulation of hyperbolic systems and validated against the solution of two fundamental boundary value problems in fluids. First, transonic nozzle flow with backward acoustic disturbance is considered. Using high‐order aeroacoustic numerical schemes, the proposed nonreflecting boundary condition yields results that are in excellent agreement with those obtained using conventional nonreflecting boundary conditions based on the method of characteristics as well as with the results of the exact solution. The novel nonreflecting boundary condition, implemented into a semi‐analytical solution algorithm of unsteady bubbly cavitating nozzle flows, is also validated against results obtained using a Lagrangian finite volume scheme. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A facile rearrangement of pyrroloindoline derivative to pyrroloquinoline: A new analogues of duocarmycins

Free‐radical generated at C‐7 position of indole derivative bearing N‐(3′‐chloroallyl) group prompted a regioselective intramolecular cyclization to furnish pyrroloindoline derivative, through the more favorable 5‐exo‐trig cyclization mode. The pyrroloindoline compound smoothly rearranged to pyrroloquinoline under mild conditions.     

Logarithmic barrier decomposition-based interior point methods for stochastic symmetric programming

We introduce and study two-stage stochastic symmetric programs with recourse to handle uncertainty in data defining (deterministic) symmetric programs in which a linear function is minimized over the intersection of an affine set and a symmetric cone. We present a Benders’ decomposition-based interior point algorithm for solving these problems and prove its polynomial complexity. Our convergence analysis proved by showing that the log barrier associated with the recourse function of stochastic symmetric programs behaves a strongly self-concordant barrier and forms a self-concordant family on the first stage solutions. Since our analysis applies to all symmetric cones, this algorithm extends Zhao’s results [G. Zhao, A log barrier method with Benders’ decomposition for solving two-stage stochastic linear programs, Math. Program. Ser. A 90 (2001) 507–536] for two-stage stochastic linear programs, and Mehrotra and Özevin’s results [S. Mehrotra, M.G. Özevin, Decomposition-based interior point methods for two-stage stochastic semidefinite programming, SIAM J. Optim. 18 (1) (2007) 206–222] for two-stage stochastic semidefinite programs.     

Elliptic cone optimization and primal–dual path-following algorithms

In elliptic cone optimization problems, we minimize a linear objective function over the intersection of an affine linear manifold with the Cartesian product of the so-called elliptic cones. We present some general classes of optimization problems that can be cast as elliptic cone programmes such as second-order cone programmes and circular cone programmes. We also describe some real-world applications of this class of optimization problems. We study and analyse the Jordan algebraic structure of the elliptic cones. Then, we present a glimpse of the duality theory associated with elliptic cone optimization. A primal–dual path-following interior-point algorithm is derived for elliptic cone optimization problems. We prove the polynomial convergence of the proposed algorithms by showing that the logarithmic barrier is a strongly self-concordant barrier. The numerical examples show the path-following algorithms are efficient.