Highly functionalized pyrazolines from symmetric and asymmetric 1,2-disulfonylhydrazines: a combination of experimental and DFT perspectives

Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds - In this work, new pyrazole derivatives were prepared by one-pot three-component reaction emloying symmetric and asymmetric 1,2-disulfonyl-hydrazines,...     

On the notion of Cohen–Macaulayness for non-Noetherian rings

There exist many characterizations of Noetherian Cohen–Macaulay rings in the literature. These characterizations do not remain equivalent if we drop the Noetherian assumption. The aim of this paper is to provide some comparisons between some of these characterizations in non-Noetherian case. Toward solving a conjecture posed by Glaz, we give a generalization of the Hochster–Eagon result on Cohen–Macaulayness of invariant rings, in the context of non-Noetherian rings.     

The finiteness dimension of local cohomology modules and its dual notion

Let a be an ideal of a commutative Noetherian ring R and M a finitely generated R-module. We explore the behavior of the two notions f_a(M), the finiteness dimension of M with respect to a, and, its dual notion q_a(M), the Artinianness dimension of M with respect to a. When (R,m) is local and r?f_a(M) is less than , the m-finiteness dimension of M relative to a, we prove that is not Artinian, and so the filter depth of a on M does not exceed f_a(M). Also, we show that if M has finite dimension and is Artinian for all i>t, where t is a given positive integer, then is Artinian. This immediately implies that if q?q_a(M)>0, then is not finitely generated, and so f_a(M)≤q_a(M).     

Partitioned treatment of surface-coupled problems with application to the fluid-porous-media interaction

Employing a decoupled solution strategy for the numerical treatment of the set of governing equations describing a surface-coupled phenomenon is a common practice. In this regard, many partitioned solution algorithms have been developed, which usually either belong to the family of Schur-complement methods or to the group of staggered integration schemes. To select a decoupled solution strategy over another is, however, a case-dependent process that should be done with special care. In particular, the performances of the algorithms from the viewpoints of stability and accuracy of the results on the one hand, and the solution speed on the other hand should be investigated. In this contribution, two strategies for a partitioned treatment of the surface-coupled problem of fluid-porous-media interaction (FPMI) are considered. These are one parallel solution algorithm, which is based on the method of localised Lagrange multipliers (LLM), and one sequential solution method, which follows the block-Gauss-Seidel (BGS) integration strategy. In order to investigate the performances of the proposed schemes, an exemplary initial-boundary-value problem is considered and the numerical results obtained by employing the solution algorithms are compared. (© 2016 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Chlorodiphenylphosphine as Highly Selective and Efficient Reagent for the Conversion of Alcohols,Tetrahydropyranyl and Silyl Ethers to Thiocyanates and Isothiocyanates

Abstract

A simple, highly selective and efficient method is described for the conversion of primary alcohols, tetrahydropyranyl and silyl ethers to thiocyanates by use of chlorodiphenylphosphine and ammonium thiocyanate. Secondary substrates produce both the two isomeric products, thiocyanate and isothiocyanate, while tertiary ones give isothiocyanates as the only products by this new method. In contrast to previously reported methods based on trivalent phosphorus for this transformation, the present method does not require an electrophile in the presence of trivalent phosphorus (ClPPh₂). The order of activity of these substrates is silyl ether> alcohol > tetrahydropyranyl ether. The present method not only interestingly distinguishes between primary, secondary and tertiary substrates but also converts them to the corresponding thiocyanates with excellent chemoselectivity in the presence of several other functional groups.     

UV-assisted synthesis of reduced graphene oxide–ZnO nanorod composites immobilized on Zn foil with enhanced photocatalytic performance

Research on Chemical Intermediates - ZnO nanorods were hydrothermally grown on Zn foil in an alkaline solution and the immobilized nanorods were subsequently hybridized with reduced graphene oxide...     

Analysis of confocal microscopy image data of Physcomitrella chloroplasts to reveal adaptation principles leading to structural stability at the nanoscale

Proteins of the FtsZ (filamentous temperature-sensitive Z) family establish complex polymeric spatial patterns in plastids of the moss Physcomitrella patens. These structures represent a "plastoskeleton" that might contribute to plastid shape and stability. The aim of this work is to develop computer models of FtsZ network connectivity and dynamics. These computer models are developed from green fluorescent protein (GFP) images obtained by Prof. Reski's Plant Biotechnology group at the University of Freiburg by means of laser scanning confocal microscopy. Subsequently, structural reconstruction techniques based on cellular automata algorithm are applied on the raw image data to compensate for any information that is lost in the process of imaging. Segmentation of the processed data will result in the computer model of the targeted structures, which are used for further analysis. Model generation and experimental testing in the moss system is conducted in an iterative process with the aim of both forward and reverse biomimetics. A developed image processing algorithm with the aim of quantification of structural characteristics is utilized to extract structural features of the FtsZ network in Physcomitrella enabling us a statistical analysis on the extracted data. (© 2016 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Desingularization of regular algebras

We identify families of commutative rings that can be written as a direct limit of a directed system of noetherian regular rings and investigate the homological properties of such rings.     

Homological properties of the perfect and absolute integral closures of Noetherian domains

For a Noetherian local domain R let R ⁺ be the absolute integral closure of R and let R _∞ be the perfect closure of R, when R has prime characteristic. In this paper we investigate the projective dimension of residue rings of certain ideals of R ⁺ and R _∞. In particular, we show that any prime ideal of R _∞ has a bounded free resolution of countably generated free R _∞-modules. Also, we show that the analogue of this result is true for the maximal ideals of R ⁺, when R has residue prime characteristic. We compute global dimensions of R ⁺ and R _∞ in some cases. Some applications of these results are given.