Solubility, Acid–Base and Complexation Properties of Calix[4]resorcinarene in Aqueous Solutions of Nonionic Surfactants

Solubility and acid–base properties of calix[4]resorcinarene (H₈L) in aqueous solutions of nonionic surfactants Triton X-100, Triton X-405, and Brij-35, as well as isopropanol were studied by pH-potentiometry. The dependence of the amount of a nonionic surfactant necessary to dissolve H₈L on the length of ethylene oxide chain was found. The dissociation constants of macrocycle for the first four steps are low sensitive to the medium nature (micellar or water–alcohol solutions). Complexation ability of the [H_{8 – n} L] ^n– anions with respect to tetramethyl- and tetraethylammonium, N-methylpyridinium, and [Co(En)₂(C₂O₄)]⁺ cations was studied by pH-potentiometry. A noticeable increase in the selectivity of guest–host binding was found on going from aqueous or water–alcohol to micellar solutions.     

Influence of Cations on the Formation of Cobalt(II) Complexes with Thiocyanate Ions in Solutions of Nonionic Micelles

The influence of additives of alkali, alkaline-earth, and several transition metal cations, protonated amines, and quaternary ammonium on the state of the tetrahedral cobalt(II) thiocyanate complex is studied in an aqueous solution of the nonionogenic surfactant Triton X-100. It is shown that alkali and alkaline-earth metal cations and compounds containing protonated primary amino groups favor the formation of additional amounts of the micellar-bonded [Co(NCS)₄]^2– complex anion. This fact is explained by the interaction of these cations with the oxyethylene chains of the nonionogenic surfactant as was observed in the crown ether coordination. This provides the formation and transfer into micelles of additional amounts of their associates with [Co(NCS)₄]^2–. The Mn²⁺, Ni²⁺, and Cd²⁺ cations decompose cobalt tetrathiocyanate due to the formation of their own complexes with the ligand. This effect is not observed in the case of the quaternary ammonium compounds, which is explained by their incapability of coordinating the oxyethylene chains of the nonionogenic surfactant.     

Ion Conductivity and Vibrational Spectra of LiNO3–KNO3 + Al2O3 Composites

Russian Journal of Electrochemistry - Composite solid electrolytes are synthesized on the basis of the eutectic nitrate mixture of 0.42LiNO3–0.58KNO3 doped by aluminum oxide nanosized powder....     

Study of the feasibility of distributed cathodic arc as a plasma source for development of the technology for plasma separation of SNF and radioactive wastes

One of the key problems in the development of plasma separation technology is designing a plasma source which uses condensed spent nuclear fuel (SNF) or nuclear wastes as a raw material. This paper covers the experimental study of the evaporation and ionization of model materials (gadolinium, niobium oxide, and titanium oxide). For these purposes, a vacuum arc with a heated cathode on the studied material was initiated and its parameters in different regimes were studied. During the experiment, the cathode temperature, arc current, arc voltage, and plasma radiation spectra were measured, and also probe measurements were carried out. It was found that the increase in the cathode heating power leads to the decrease in the arc voltage (to 3 V). This fact makes it possible to reduce the electron energy and achieve singly ionized plasma with a high degree of ionization to fulfill one of the requirements for plasma separation of SNF. This finding is supported by the analysis of the plasma radiation spectrum and the results of the probe diagnostics.     

New salt structures based on aminomethylated calix[4]-resorcinarenes and (1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diyl)bisphosphonic acid

Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry - Aminomethylation of calix[4]resorcinarenes with (1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diyl)bisphosphonic acid afforded a series of new water soluble onium salts.     

Crystal and molecular structure of di(para-nitrobenzoato)diaquolead

Journal of Structural Chemistry -     

Ion-Optical System with Ballistic Focusing of a Powerful Deuterium Atom Beam Injector for Plasma Heating

Physics of Atomic Nuclei - To heat the plasma in the TCV tokamak (Lausanne, Switzerland), a charge exchange injector of a focused beam of fast deuterium atoms with an energy of 30 keV, a power of 1...     

Solution state and complexing ability of 1,4-bis(amidomethylsulfinyl)butane toward iron(III), copper(II), cobalt(II), nickel(II), and manganese(II)

The solution state and thermodynamic stability of complexes of the new antituberculosis agent 1,4-bis(amidomethylsulfinyl)butane (L) with iron(III), copper(II), cobalt(II), nickel(II), and manganese(II) in an aqueous solution in the presence and in the absence of the nonionic surfactant Brij 35 were studied by spectrophotometry, pH potentiometry, NMR relaxation technique (T = 25 °C; variable ionic strength), and mathematical simulation. The geometry optimization of all structures was carried out by the molecular mechanics method MM2 in order to obtain data on coordination modes. In addition, the structure of 1,4-bis(amidomethylsulfinyl)butane was refined by the DFT/B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) quantum chemical method using the IEFPCM model to take into account solvent effects. In an aqueous solution (in the concentration range of 1.3?10^–5—1?10^–3 mol L–1) and in the presence of Brij 35, 1,4-bis(amidomethylsulfinyl)butane exists as a neutral monomer. The Beer—Lambert—Bouguer law is obeyed in a wide concentration range for compound L in an aqueous solution, as well as in the presence of the surfactant, which can be used for the quantification of compound L. Iron(III), cobalt(II), and nickel(II) were shown to form 1: 1 mononuclear complexes with L; and copper(II) forms, 1: 1 and 2: 2 complexes. The presence of Brij 35 in the Cu²⁺—L system at a micellar concentration promotes the formation of a dinuclear complex.