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The channelling of 3 MeV protons in the 〈110〉 direction of silicon has been simulated using Vineyard model taking into account
thermally vibrating nuclei and energy loss due to ion-electron interactions. A beam made up of constant energy particles but
with spatial divergence has been simulated for the purpose. The values of the minimum scattering yield and half width of the
channelling dip are shown to be depth sensitive and agree well with the measured values. The dependence of yield on the angle
of incidence has been found to give information of all three types of channelling. The critical angles for the three types
of channelling and wavelength of planar oscillations are consistent with the previous calculations. 相似文献
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A Gurtu P K Malhotra I S Mittra P M Sood SC Gupta VK Gupta GL Kaul LK Mangotra Y Prakash NK Rao ML Sharma 《Pramana》1974,3(5):311-322
This is a continuation of our earlier investigation (Gurtuet al 1974Phys. Lett. 50 B 391) on multiparticle production in proton-nucleus collisions based on an exposure of emulsion stack to 200 GeV/c beam at the NAL. It is found that the ratioR em = 〈n s〉/〈n ch〉, where 〈n ch〉 is the charged particle multiplicity in pp-collisions, increases slowly from about 1 at 10 GeV/c to 1·6 at 68 GeV/c and attains a constant value of 1·71 ± 0·04 in the region 200 to 8000 GeV/c. Furthermore,R em = 1·71 implies an effectiveA-dependence ofR A =A 0.18,i.e., a very weak dependence. Predictions ofR em on various models are discussed and compared with the emulsion data. Data seem to favour models of hadron-nucleon collisions in which production of particles takes place through adouble step mechanism,e.g., diffractive excitation, hydrodynamical and energy flux cascade as opposed to models which envisage instantaneous production. 相似文献
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Al-Rasbi NK Tidmarsh IS Argent SP Adams H Harding LP Ward MD 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2008,130(35):11641-11649
Reaction of a tris-bidentate ligand L(1) (which can cap one triangular face of a metal polyhedron), a bis-bidentate ligand L(2) (which can span one edge of a metal polyhedron), and a range of M(2+) ions (M = Co, Cu, Cd), which all have a preference for six coordination geometry, results in assembly of the mixed-ligand polyhedral cages [M12(mu(3)-L(1))4(mu-L(2))12](24+). When the components are combined in the correct proportions [M(2+):L(1):L(2) = 3:1:3] in MeNO2, this is the sole product. The array of 12 M(2+) cations has a cuboctahedral geometry, containing six square and eight triangular faces around a substantial central cavity; four of the eight M3 triangular faces (every alternate one) are capped by a ligand L(1), with the remaining four M3 faces having a bridging ligand L(2) along each edge in a cyclic helical array. Thus, four homochiral triangular {M3(L(2))3}(6+) helical units are connected by four additional L(1) ligands to give the mixed-ligand cuboctahedral array, a topology which could not be formed in any homoleptic complex of this type but requires the cooperation of two different types of ligand. The complex [Cd3(L(2))3(ClO4)4(MeCN)2(H2O)2](ClO4)2, a trinuclear triple helicate in which two sites at each Cd(II) are occupied by monodentate ligands (solvent or counterions), was also characterized and constitutes an incomplete fragment of the dodecanuclear cage comprising one triangular {M3(L(2))3}(6+) face which has not yet reacted with the ligands L(1). (1)H NMR and electrospray mass spectrometric studies show that the dodecanuclear cages remain intact in solution; the NMR studies show that the Cd 12 cage has four-fold (D2) symmetry, such that there are three independent Cd(II) environments, as confirmed by a (113)Cd NMR spectrum. These mixed-ligand cuboctahedral complexes reveal the potential of using combinations of face-capping and edge-bridging ligands to extend the range of accessible topologies of polyhedral coordination cages. 相似文献
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Al-Rasbi NK Sabatini C Barigelletti F Ward MD 《Dalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)》2006,(40):4769-4772
Incorporation of ligands containing substituted naphthalene cores into coordination cages results in extensive aromatic pi-stacking between ligands; this results in a red-shifted 'excimer-like' luminescence component from the naphthyl groups compared to the free ligands, which is diagnostic of, and can be used to monitor, cage assembly. 相似文献
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MVN Murthy Urjit A Yajnik KRS Balaji G Bhattacharyya Amol Dighe Shashikant Dugad ND Hari Dass PK Kabir Kamales Kar D Indumathi John G Learned Debasish Majumdar NK Mondal MVN Murthy SN Nayak Sandip Pakvasa Amitava Raychaudhuri RS Raghavan G Rajasekaran R Ramachandran Alak K Ray Asim K Ray Saurabh Rindani HS Sharatchandra Rahul Sinha Nita Sinha S Umasankar Urjit A Yajnik 《Pramana》2000,55(1-2):347-355
We have identified some important and worthwhile physics opportunities with a possible neutrino detector located in India.
Particular emphasis is placed on the geographical advantage with a stress on the complimentary aspects with respect to other
neutrino detectors already in operation. 相似文献
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Sadegh Salehzadeh Reza Golbedaghi Ian S. Tidmarsh Nawal K. Al-Rasbi Harry Adams Michael D. Ward 《Polyhedron》2008,27(18):3549-3556
Two new compounds, [CdL22pyfp(NO3)](ClO4) (1) and [MnL22pyfpCl](ClO4) (2), were prepared by the template condensation of a previously known ligand, (L22py), and 2-pyridinecarboxaldehyde in the presence of Cd(NO3)2 · 4H2O or MnCl2 · 4H2O in equimolar ratios. The resulting compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, IR and single crystal X-ray diffraction, and by NMR in the case of the Cd(II) complex. The Cd(II) ion is in an eight-coordinate environment that is best described as a distorted dodecahedron. The environment around the Mn(II) ion may be described as a distorted pentagonal bipyramid. The 1H NMR spectrum of the cadmium complex shows the signal of the imine proton to have two satellites (3J = 44.4 Hz) with intensities of 1:6:1 due to coupling with the neighboring 111/113Cd atom. The electronic spectra of both complexes, as well as the ligand, is explained on the basis of TD-DFT calculations. 相似文献
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Frantz R Grange CS Al-Rasbi NK Ward MD Lacour J 《Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)》2007,(14):1459-1461
The addition of enantiopure TRISPHAT anions to chiral cationic cages of type [Co(4)(L)(6)(BF(4))](7+) leads to the enantiodifferentiation of the ligands of the racemic salts and, even more effectively, of the achiral tetrafluoroborate anion trapped inside. 相似文献
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The luminescent Pt(II) complex [Pt(4,4′-tBu2-bipy){CC-(5-pyrimidinyl)}2] (1) was prepared by coupling of [Pt(4,4′-tBu2-bipy)Cl2] with 5-ethynyl-pyrimidine, and contains two pyrimidinyl units pendant from a Pt(II) bipyridyl diacetylide core; it shows luminescence at 520 nm which is typical of Pt(II) luminophores of this type. Reaction with [Ln(hfac)3(H2O)2] (hfac = anion of hexafluoroacetylacetone) affords as crystalline solids the compounds [1 · {Ln(hfac)3(H2O)}{Ln(hfac)3(H2O)2}] (Ln = Nd, Gd, Er, Yb), in which the {Ln(hfac)3(H2O)} unit is coordinated to one pyrimidine ring via an N atom, whereas the {Ln(hfac)3(H2O)2} unit is associated with two N atoms, one from each pyrimidine ring of 1, via N?HOH hydrogen-bonding interactions involving the coordinated water ligands on the lanthanide centre. Solution spectroscopic studies show that the luminescence of 1 is partly quenched on addition of [Ln(hfac)3(H2O)2] (Ln = Er, Nd) by formation of Pt(II)/Ln(III) adducts in which Pt(II)→Ln(III) photoinduced energy-transfer occurs to the low-lying f–f levels of the Ln(III) centre. Significant quenching occurs with both Er(III) and Nd(III) because both have several f–f states which match well the 3MLCT emission energy of 1. Time-resolved luminescence studies show that Pt(II)→Er(III) energy-transfer (7.0 × 107 M−1) is around three times faster than Pt(II)→Nd(III) energy-transfer (≈2 × 107 M−1) over the same distance because the luminescence spectrum of 1 overlaps better with the absorption spectrum of Er(III) than with Nd(III). In contrast Yb(III) causes no significant quenching of 1 because it has only a single f–f excited level which is a poor energy match for the Pt(II)-based excited state. 相似文献
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