上海天文台亚厘米级单次测距精度的卫星激光测距试验

2001年8月, 中国科学院上海天文台与捷克技术大学合作在上海天文台进行了亚厘米级单次测距精度的卫星激光测距试验. 采用皮秒事件计时器作为激光往返脉冲的时间间隔测量仪器, 配合原有的发射和接收系统, 对Lageos-1, 2, Starlette, Stella, Topex和ERS-2等卫星进行了测距试验. 分析表明: 对这些卫星的单次测距精度达到了7~8 mm. 为了对比, 原有的测距系统同时对这些卫星进行了测量, 单次测距精度为12~15 mm. 表明新测距系统的测量精度比原有系统提高了约80%. 同时还对原有测距系统的系统偏差进行了检测.     

离子反应中几个问题的质疑

对离子反应的概念、离子反应的实质、离子方程式表示的意义及离子方程式的书写步骤产生质疑,指出这些问题并纠正。     

金属活动性顺序的探讨——由一道初中化学试题引发的思考

列举了金属活动性顺序只能说明反应的趋势,不能说明反应速率的例子。解释了一些常见金属活泼性强,反应速率反而慢的原因。指出并举例说明了一些反应不能用金属活动性顺序来判断反应的方向。总结了在使用金属活动性顺序时应考虑的几点内容。     

Satellite laser ranging experiment with sub-centimeter single-shot ranging precision at Shanghai Observatory

The Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, incollaboration with the Czech Technical University, carried out the experiment of satellite laser ranging with sub-centimeter precision in Shanghai in August 2001. A pico-second event timer was used for the measurement of the time interval between the transmitted and returned laser pulses for Lageos 1, 2, Starlette, Stella, Topex/Poseiden and ERS-2 in coordination with the existing laser transmitting and receiving system at the Shanghai Observatory. The analysis of the measurement showed that the single-shot ranging precision with these satellites is 7-8 mm. In order to compare ranging precision, the existing ranging system has tracked simultaneously these satellites and obtained the ranging precision of 12-15 mm. It means that the ranging precision with the new system is 80% better thanthe existing system. The systematic biases with the existing system have also been checked in the experiment.