一氧化碳的双共振多光子电离研究

用两束脉冲染料激光进行了CO的光学双共振四光子电离, 获得了转动分辩的CO A~(1Π)←X~(1Σ~+)和B~(1Σ~+)←A~(1Π)跃迁的光谱。观察到了在此2+1光子相继吸收中特有的选择定则。动力学研究表明CO基态到A~(1Π)态的双光子吸收是速率决定步骤, 其吸收截面约为1×10~(-49) cm~4 s。还测定了A~(1Π)态的单态转动传能截面。对于宇称指数e守恒、△J×±1的过程的截面约为0.05 nm; 随△J值增大而减小。对相同的△J, e正负变号的过程的截面总是小于e不变过程的截面。     

n-C_3H_7I和i-C_3H_7I的激光裂解

Wilson等人曾研究过碘代烷在266nm的激光光解RI→R+I＊(~2P_(1/2))(1)RI→R+I(~2P_(3/2))(2)由于他们所用的光解产物谱仪不能改变产物的检测方向,因而对C_2H_5I,n-C_3H_7I和i-C_3H_7I的光解通道(1)和(2)在飞行时间(TOF)谱上的分离没有成功。我们用束源可转动的分子束激光裂解产物谱仪(飞行距离531mm)研究了CH_3I和C_2H_5I在248nm的激光裂解后,又分别对n-C_3H_7I和i-C_3H_7I进行研究,并实现了I＊(~2P_(1/2))和I(~2P_(3/2))光解通道在TOF谱上的分离,测得光解通道比见表1。     

n-C3H7I和i-C3H7I的激光裂解

Studies on the photofragmentation of n-C_3H_7I and i-C_3H_7I have been carried out by a photofragment spectrometer with rotatable pulsed molecular beam crossed with KrF excimer laser beam. TOF spectra of the iodine atom fragments (Fig.1, 2) which show the separation of the primary photodissociation channels n-C_3H_7I→n-C_3H_7+I~*(~2P_(1/2)) n-C_3H_7+I(~2p_(3/2)) i-C_3H_7I→i-C_3H_7+I~*(~2P_(1/2)) i-C_3H_7+I(~2P_(3/2)) are obtatned at 12 different angles. The distribution of total translational energy E_(CM) of recoiling photofragments are then determined. The ratios I~*/I of the photodissociation channels of n-C_3H_7I and i-C_3H_7I are measured to be 1.61 and 0.96 respectively (Table 1). The ratios I~*/I obtained by photofragment translational energy measurement in this Lab~[3]. are good in agreement with most of results abtained by IR emission~[5] and LIF~[4] measurement except the data of i-C_3H_7I, which is much different from I~*/I=0.35 reported by Bershon~[4] using LIF method.The extent of internal alkyl fragment excitation E_(int)~R is also determined (Table 2) by energy balance. The fraction of the available energy (E_(av1)=E_(CM)+E_(int)~R) which goes into internal exciatation of the alkyl fragment increases from 12.5% for I~* channe of CH_3I to 64% for both channels of i-C_3H_7I. The results are consistent with direct impulsive dynamic model of unimolecular decomposition based on “soft” alkyl radicals.The facts that the ratio I~*/I decreases with increasing carbon atoms and that the difference of the internal excitation of alkyl radicals between the I~* (~2P_(1/2)) and I (~2P_(3/2)) channelsincreases with increasing carbon atoms should be related and important for better understanding the origin of the I(~2P_(3/2)) channel caused by the potential energy surface crossing~[3]. The results of the internal excitation of the alkyl radicals in the photodissociation are also valuable for prediction of secondary products during the UV photolysis of those alkyl iodides in the gas cell.     

CO(A~1∏←X~1∑~+和e~3∑~-←X~1∑~+)双光子共振电离光谱的归属和双光子吸收截面的测量

我们得到了CO经过共振态A~1∏态和e~3∑~-态的转动分辨的紫外双光子共振四光子电离光谱,并测量了它们的双光子吸收截面,σ_(Xe)~(2)、σ_(A1)~(2)=1.4×10~(99)cm~8sec~(-1),σ_(A1)~(2)=2.6×10-~(50)cm~4see_(-1).用双色共振增强的方法明确地归属了受到扰动的CO A←X双光子吸收(0.0)带.     

二甲基二硫醚在248 nm的激光光解

Callear和Dickson曾研究过CH_3SSCH_3在195nm的闪光光解,指出S—S键和C—S键同时断裂,并认为光子的过剩能量在光解碎片中是按统计模型分配的。由于CH_3SSCH_3光解在光化学和环境化学中的重要性,S—S键在生物化学中也有重要的地位,我们用分子束激光裂解碎片的平动能谱仪,研究了CH_3SSCH_3在248nm的光裂解,得到光解碎片的平动能分布。结果表明,S—S键的断裂不符合统计模型。实验装置如前所进。CH_3SSCH_3(Merck Co.)蒸气(～30Torr)在室温下由空气载带,经喷嘴直径0.5mm的脉冲阀,以频率80Hz喷入源室。形成的超声分子束准直后的全     

碘乙烷激光裂解反应通道及产物的能量分布

用分子束和飞行时间技术测量了248 nm激光光解过程C_2H_5I→C_2H_5+I°(~2p_(1/2))和C_2H_5I→C_2H_5+I(~2p_(3/2))裂解碎片的平动能和内能分布。测得通道比I~*/I为2.37。根据实验结果, 对光解过程中电子激发态特性, 产生I(~2p_(3/2))通道的机理以及乙基自由基的振动激发作了讨论。