CYTOLOGIC AND EMBRYOLOGIC STUDIES ON APOMICTS DISCOVERED FROM MALE STERILITY LINE C1001 IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)

Cytologic and embryologic studies on the reproductive pattern of male sterility line C1001 in rice (Oryza saliva L.) indicated that several types of apomixis were discovered in partial strains of male sterility line C1001 in rice. Under a fully separate condition, two possible apomixis embryogenesis ways in the ovules were observed: One way was that the embryo was initiated from the somatic cells of the ovules, and then pushed against the embryo sac to develop into a mature embryo. The other way was that the embryo was from the unfertilized egg cell or one of synergids, and then developed into a mature embryo in the form of haploid parthenogenesis without forming endosperm. Besides, the antipodal cells migrated in the embryo sac, and their cytoplasm became thin and vacuolated while mitosis was taking place, giving rise to a multicellular structure or a group of large cells each containing several nuclei. This paper also discusses the significance and patterns of apomixis in rice C1001.     

水稻雄性不育系C1001中发现无融合生殖株系的细胞学和胚胎学研究

对水稻雄性不育系C1001的生殖方式进行的细胞学和胚胎学研究表明,在水稻雄性不育系C1001的部分株系中,其生殖方式出现了几种类型的无融合生殖,在完全隔离的条件下,在胚珠内观察到有两条胚的可能发生途径,其一,胚来自胚珠体细胞(因尚未追溯其来源,暂定为胚来自胚珠体细胞),然后挤向胚囊继续发育成成熟胚;其二,胚来自未授精的卵细胞或助细胞,以孤雌或单性生殖的方式发育成胚,不形成真正的胚乳,此外反足细胞发生位移,细胞质变稀薄,液泡化,并进行有丝分裂,形成多细胞结构,讨论了水稻C1001中发生的无融合生殖方式和意义。