纳米Y2O3/钴基合金激光熔覆层的组织

利用5 kW CO2激光器,在Ni基高温合金表面,熔覆纳米稀土氧化物(Y2O3)/钴基合金复合材料,制备了涂层.利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜及透射电镜分析了熔覆层的组织结构.结果表明: 熔覆层的主要相组成为γ-Co,ε-Co,Cr23C6和Y2O3;加入纳米Y2O3,凝固组织由细长的柱状树枝晶转变为较短的树枝晶;纳米Y2O3含量增大至1%时整个断面获得等轴晶组织;纳米Y2O3作为异质形核的核心,细化了组织;纳米Y2O3在熔覆层中分布不均匀,促进了γ-Co向ε-Co的转变;熔覆层的亚结构为堆跺层错.对熔覆层等轴组织形成机制进行了分析.     

不同喹啉不溶物的特性及对中间相转化过程的影响

采用￣１３Ｃ－ＮＭＲ、ｘ－ｒａｙ衍射、扫描和透射电镜研究了二种ＱＩ──原生ＱＩ、次生ＱＩ（喹啉不溶物）结构，并通过热转化试验考察了它们对中间相热转化过程的影响。结果表明，原生ＱＩ是由炭黑状固体小圆球组成，并包含有煤粉、焦粉等夹杂物，属非晶态混和物。它在中间相转化过程中，促使中间相小球体较早生成，并阻碍中间相球体融并，导致中间相热转化最终固体产物的镶嵌结构生成。次生ＱＩ微晶排列有序性较好，属中间相组织或中间相前躯体，对中间相的成长过程有利。     

纳米复合材料激光熔覆层组织及抗磨性能

利用5kWCO2激光器，在Ni基高温合金表面制备了纳米Al2O3／钴基合金熔覆层，分析了熔覆层的组织结构及其抗磨性能．结果表明，当纳米Al2O3颗粒含量较低时，Al2O3颗粒能均匀分布于熔覆层中，从而形成纳米氧化物弥散强化的复合材料涂层；Al2O3颗粒在熔池中长大，尺寸为250-450nm；复合材料熔覆层的硬度随纳米Al2O3含量的增加而提高；当纳米Al2O3颗粒含适中时，熔覆层的抗磨性能较好；而当纳米Al2O3颗粒含量过高(3．0％)时，复合材料熔覆层的抗磨性能反而降低。     

Twice-Hadamard-CNOT attack on Li et al.’s fault-tolerant quantum private comparison and the improved scheme

Recently, Li et al. presented a two-party quantum private comparison scheme using Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) states and error-correcting code (ECC) [Int. J. Theor. Phys. 52, 2818 (2013)], claiming it is fault-tolerant and could be performed in a non-ideal scenario. However, there exists a fatal loophole in their private comparison scheme under a special attack, namely the twice-Hadamard-CNOT attack. Specifically, a malicious party may intercept the other party’s particles and execute Hadamard operations on the intercepted particles as well as on his or her own particles. Then, the malicious party could sequentially perform a controlled-NOT (CNOT) operation between intercepted particles and the auxiliary particles, as well as between his or her own particles and the auxiliary particles prepared in advance. By measuring the auxiliary particles, the secret input will be revealed to the malicious party without being detected. For resisting this special attack, a feasible improved scheme is proposed by introducing a permutation operator before the third party (TP) sends the particle sequences to each participant.     

激光熔覆Cr3C2/Co基合金复合涂层组织与摩擦磨损性能研究

在低碳钢表面激光熔覆制备了添加质量分数40%Cr3C2的钴基合金复合涂层(Cr3C2/Co),研究了激光熔覆Cr3C2/Co涂层的显微组织、相结构、显微硬度及其摩擦磨损性能,并与激光熔覆钴基合金涂层(Co60)进行了相同工艺条件下的对比试验.结果表明,激光熔覆Co60涂层以亚共晶方式结晶,涂层组织主要由大量初生γ-Co枝晶固溶体及其间的共晶组织γ-Co Cr23C6组成;激光熔覆Cr3C2/Co涂层以过共晶方式结晶,组织主要由未熔Cr3C2粒子、大量杆状和块状的富Cr碳化物(M7C3及M23C6型碳化物)以及其间的细小枝晶与共晶组织组成.添加Cr3C2改变了Co60涂层的凝固特征,未熔Cr3C2粒子起到了非自发形核作用,在其周围形成了许多富Cr碳化物,细化了涂层枝晶组织.激光熔覆Cr3C2/Co涂层的显微硬度及其耐磨性比Co60涂层明显提高.Co60涂层主要磨损机理为脆性剥落和犁削,Cr3C2/Co涂层的磨损机理主要为轻微犁削.