原油与沥青质热解产物的GC-MS分析

较严重生物降解的原油没有正构烷烃,甚至缺失类异二戊烯烃,给油源研究造成一定困难.这种降解油中沥青质含量很高,用沥青质热解可产生相当量的正构烷烃和其它的烃类成分,例如:类异戊二烯烃、甾烷、萜烷、芳烃等成分也会有所变化.本文研究它们的变化特点、变化的幅度,找出一定的规律性,以对利用原油沥青质热降解产物用于油源对比时分析它们的相似性有所帮助.实验证明,总体上看沥青质的热降解产物与原油的烃类分布上比较相似,但并不一致,有的差距比较大,应该做一些校正,有的则比较稳定可靠.     

STERANES AND TERPANES IN UPPER TERTIARY OF QAIDAM BASIN AS INDICATORS FOR SOURCE ROCKS AND THEIR MATURITY

This paper studies the evolutional characteristics and the geochemical significance of the immature, mature, highly mature steranes and polycyclic terpanes of the Upper Tertiary in a deep well of Qaidam Basin, on the basis of their compositions and configurations obtained from GC-MS analysis. The informations are further used to determine the threshold depth of main oil generation zone in combination with ESR data, and to identify the source of their precursors in combination with stable carbon isotopic data. It is concluded that the precursors are mainly terrigenous. Pregnane is common in the sample and a complete series of tricyelic diterpanes (C_(16)-C_(28)) is made up after the organic matter becomes mature.     

原油中三芳甾烃的色谱质谱定量分析

三芳甾烃是原油芳烃组分中的常见化合物,其色谱质谱分析结果对寻找油气有着重要的意义.以往原油中芳烃色谱质谱分析大多忽略了各三芳甾烃化合物的绝对含量,而仅得出各化合物的相对量,使三芳甾烃的应用受到了限制.我们采用人工合成的二氘代化合物d2C28三芳甾烃加入原油中作内标,进行三芳甾烃的色谱质谱定量分析,该内标化合物是将原油中自然存在的1种C28三芳甾烃化合物进行氘代反应,合成得到的d2C28三芳甾烃与原油中的三芳甾烃系列化合物有着相似的结构和质谱分裂特征,并在色谱质谱分析时与原油中的化合物不产生共流.该定量分析方法可以为油气勘探提供更多的信息.