单原子材料在二氧化碳催化中的技术经济分析与产业化应用前景

近年来, 随着科学研究的不断深入, 单原子催化剂由于具有高活性与高选择性等突出特点被广泛挖掘和应用. 作为连接多相与均相催化的桥梁, 单原子催化剂已经成为催化领域的重要研究对象之一, 具有广泛的工业化应用前景. 本文对单原子催化剂的发展历程、 特点及其在不同领域的应用进行了概括, 综合评述了当前CO₂还原领域的技术经济分析, 并首次对单原子材料催化转化CO₂进行了技术经济分析与计算. 最后, 对单原子催化剂在CO₂还原领域中工业化应用的未来发展方向及亟需解决的关键科学和技术问题进行了展望, 以期推动单原子催化材料的进一步广泛应用.     

γ-Al2O3法制备复合多孔树脂及其调湿与甲醛吸附性能

复合多孔树脂以其调湿速度快、湿含量高等特点比传统多孔硅胶更适合作为智能调湿材料。本文利用氢氧化铝高温分解产生活性氧化铝并释放水蒸气的致孔途径制备出复合多孔树脂。通过TG、SEM、 FTIR、XRD和氮气吸附等手段表征了该树脂的形貌和结构特征,测试了复合多孔树脂分别在高湿和低湿环境的调湿性能和饱和湿含量,讨论了多孔树脂在不同温度条件的调湿性能和在25℃时对微量甲醛的吸附性能。结果表明：本文的致孔方法能有效地使树脂内部形成多孔结构。复合多孔树脂具有良好的调湿和甲醛吸附性能。在制备过程中通过控制树脂内部的孔参数,材料能将空间相对湿度在4h内调控并维持在50%-60%的范围之内,且不受温度变化的影响,甲醛吸附量为5.55ppm/g。材料可以作为智能调湿材料用于文物保护,为文物存放环境创造一个恒湿干净的空间。     

Azobenzene mesogens mediated preparation of Sn S nanocrystals encapsulated with in-situ N-doped carbon and their enhanced electrochemical performance for lithium ion batteries application

In this work,azobenzene mesogen-containing tin thiolates have been synthesized,which possess ordered lamellar structures persistent to higher temperature and serve as liquid crystalline precursors.Based on the preorganized tin thiolate precursors,Sn S nanocrystals encapsulated with in-situ N-doped carbon layer have been achieved through a simple solventless pyrolysis process with the azobenzene mesogenic thiolate precursor served as Sn,S,N,and C sources simultaneously.Thus prepared nanocomposite materials as anode of lithium ion batteries present a large specific capacity of 604.6 m Ah·g~(-1)at a current density of 100 m A·g~(-1),keeping a high capacity retention up to 96% after 80 cycles,and display high rate capability due to the synergistic effect of well-dispersed Sn S nanocrystals and N-doped carbon layer.Such encouraging results shed a light on the controlled preparation of advanced nanocomposites based on liquid crystalline metallomesogen precursors and may boost their novel intriguing applications.