基于双向循环神经网络的汉语语音识别*

当前基于深度神经网络模型中,虽然其隐含层可设置多层,对复杂问题适应能力强,但每层之间的节点连接是相互独立的,这种结构特性导致了在语音序列中无法利用上下文相关信息来提高识别效果,而传统的循环神经网络虽然做出了改进,但是只能对上文信息进行利用。针对以上问题,该文采用可以同时利用语音序列中上下文相关信息的双向循环神经网络模型与深度神经网络模型相结合,并应用于语音识别。构建具有5层隐含层的模型,其中第3层为双向循环神经网络结构,其他层采用深度神经网络结构。实验结果表明:加入了双向循环神经网络结构的模型与其他模型相比,较好地提高了识别正确率;噪声对双向循环神经网络汉语识别有重要影响,尤其是训练集和测试集附加噪声类型不同时,单一的含噪声语音的训练模型无法适应不同噪声类型的语音识别;调整神经网络模型中隐含层神经元数量后,识别正确率并不是一直随着隐含层中神经元数量的增加而增加,神经元数量数目增加到一定程度后正确率出现了降低的趋势。     

Design and test of a Multi-gap Resistive Plate Chamber with Long readout-strip （LMRPC）

A new kind （two end readout） of Multi-gap Resistive Plate Chamber with long readout-strip （LMRPC） is developed to be used at the large-area Muon Telescope Detector （MTD） at mid-rapidity at RHIC/STAR experiment for Time-of-Flight （TOF） measurement. The LMRPC has an active area of 87 cm× 17 cm, 10 gas gaps of 250 μm arranged in 2 stacks, with readout strips of 2.5 cm wide and 90 cm long. The considerations in LMRPC design related to its performance are discussed in this paper. The cosmic ray test results of a prototype LMRPC show a detection efficiency 〉95% and the time resolution -70 ps.     

An X-ray imaging device based on a GEM detector with delay-line readout

An X-ray imaging device based on a triple-GEM （Gas Electron Multiplier） detector, a fast delay-line circuit with 700 MHz cut-off frequency and two dimensional readout strips with 150 μm width on the top and 250 μm width on the bottom, is designed and tested. The localization information is derived from the propagation time of the induced signals on the readout strips. This device has a good spatial resolution of 150 μm and works stably at an intensity of 105 Hz/mm2 with 8 keV X-rays.     

GEM电极的三维电场分布计算

基于有限元方法对GEM电极的电场分布进行模拟和计算,得到了完整的三维电场分布.研究不同几何构型的GEM场强分布对电荷收集效率的影响,给出了4种构型GEM电极的电场线透过率分别为:双倒锥型33.12%;圆柱型34.85%;单锥型40.70%;单倒锥型16.70%.计算得到的电场线透过率比二维电场分布的结果更加接近实验结果     

MgO改性HZSM-5型分子筛对合成LPG的影响

以Mg(NO3)2.6H2O乙醇溶液等体积浸渍分子筛HZSM-5进行改性,与自制的甲醇催化剂(MeLi)机械混合制得合成液化石油气(LPG)双功能催化剂。通过NH3-TPD对改性HZSM-5分子筛酸性表征,在固定床单管反应器上,研究MgO在催化剂中含量对一步法合成LPG的影响,并对催化剂进行寿命实验。结果表明,随着MgO在催化剂中含量的升高,HZSM-5的强酸强度随之降低;MgO在HZSM-5中质量分数在0.25%~1.00%时,催化剂的效果最佳。改性HZSM-5作为脱水催化剂,可提高目标产物的含量,同时大幅度提升催化剂的寿命及稳定性。     

Research on the delay-line readout for GEM detectors

Based on the principles of transmission line and the output signal of GEM detector, a full simulation model of delay-line circuit has been described in this paper. The consistency of simulation results and experimental data shows that the method is very effective for the design of delay-line readout.     

MRPC噪声和暗电流对温度和工作高压的依赖

不同混合气体不同高压,6个气隙的阻性板室工作在不同的环境温度下,测试其噪声和漏电流.噪声和漏电流随温度升高指数上升.     

A cosmic ray test platform based on high time resolution MRPC technology

In order to test the performance of detector prototypes in a laboratory environment, we design and build a large area (90 cm×52 cm) test platform for cosmic rays based on a well-designed Multi-gap Resistive Plate Chamber (MRPC) with excellent time resolution and a high detection efficiency for minimum ionizing particles. The time resolution of the MRPC module used is tested to be ～80 ps, and the position resolution along the strip is ～5 mm, while the position resolution perpendicular to the strip is ～12.7 mm. The platform constructed by four MRPC modules can be used for tracking cosmic rays with a spatial resolution of ～6.3 mm, and provide a reference time ～40 ps.     

一台高计数率GEM X射线成像装置原型

研制一种新型的三层级联倍增GEM气体探测器,其有效增益达到10⁵,用于高亮度X射线成像.设计和制作了的精密的微条读出和信号引出方法,采用高速SCSI接口的机箱控制器及计算机控制系统,用于该探测器的射线定位测量,在此基础上建立了一台GEM-X射线成像装置原型.实验结果显示：在X射线强度为10⁵Hz/mm,其增益稳定性<1%,位置分辨<100μm,并获得了清晰的两维图像.     

合成气一步法制备液化石油气单管实验研究

采用甲醇合成催化剂与脱水催化剂机械混合,制备了液化石油气(LPG)合成催化剂。以模拟生物质气为原料气,在固定床单管实验装置上,温度(220~330 ℃)、压力(1.2~5.1 MPa)和空速(500~3 000 h^-1)条件下考察催化剂的性能。结果表明,在325 ℃、2.1 MPa、1 500 h^-1条件下,CO转化率达到72.36%,LPG占烃类产物的71.21%。当设定温度为325 ℃、压力2.1 MPa时、空速≤2 500 h^-1时,系统可以稳定运行;空速达到3 000 h^-1时,反应器内部温度迅速升高无法控制,造成催化剂烧结失活。针对上述催化剂,采用NH₃-TPD、XRD、N₂吸附-脱附和TPO对催化剂进行了表征。结果表明,催化剂的积炭、强酸位酸性降低及比表面积的降低是导致催化剂活性降低的重要影响因素。