一种基于序贯估计的直达声区水面舰船 被动测距方法 *

该文利用基于射线的盲解卷积方法，从直达声区的水面舰船噪声中提取出船和锚系于海底的垂直接收阵之间的时域信道响应，并利用直达波在不同阵元相对于参考阵元的到达时间差，通过序贯方法，利用射线模型和声速剖面信息，对水面舰船距接收阵的距离进行了估计。通过处理海深约为580 m的2016年美国圣巴巴拉海峡的实验数据，对1.6~3.5 km直达声区范围内Anna Maersk商船与垂直阵之间的距离进行了估计，验证了测距方法的有效性，并将结果与系统测量值和几何方法的估计值进行了比较。由于该方法不需要对海底参数进行估计，所以在海底参数未知时要优于传统匹配场方法；在声速剖面存在跃层且海底为多层分布的复杂信道条件下，该方法仍能对距离进行有效估计，且与测量值的相对误差在6%以内，小于几何方法的估计误差，测距结果精度较高。     

More efficient time integration for Fourier pseudospectral DNS of incompressible turbulence

Time integration of Fourier pseudospectral DNS is usually performed using the classical fourth-order accurate Runge-Kutta method or other second- or third-order methods, with a fixed step size. We investigate the use of higher-order Runge-Kutta pairs and automatic step size control based on local error estimation. We find that the fifth-order accurate Runge-Kutta pair of Bogacki and Shampine gives much greater accuracy at a significantly reduced computational cost. Specifically, we demonstrate speedups of 2× to 10× for the same accuracy. Numerical tests (including the Taylor-Green vortex, Rayleigh-Taylor instability, and homogeneous isotropic turbulence) confirm the reliability and efficiency of the method. We also show that adaptive time stepping provides a significant computational advantage for some problems (like the development of a Rayleigh-Taylor instability) without compromising accuracy.     

The Application of Fractal Transform and Entropy for Improving Fault Tolerance and Load Balancing in Grid Computing Environments

This paper applies the entropy-based fractal indexing scheme that enables the grid environment for fast indexing and querying. It addresses the issue of fault tolerance and load balancing-based fractal management to make computational grids more effective and reliable. A fractal dimension of a cloud of points gives an estimate of the intrinsic dimensionality of the data in that space. The main drawback of this technique is the long computing time. The main contribution of the suggested work is to investigate the effect of fractal transform by adding R-tree index structure-based entropy to existing grid computing models to obtain a balanced infrastructure with minimal fault. In this regard, the presented work is going to extend the commonly scheduling algorithms that are built based on the physical grid structure to a reduced logical network. The objective of this logical network is to reduce the searching in the grid paths according to arrival time rate and path’s bandwidth with respect to load balance and fault tolerance, respectively. Furthermore, an optimization searching technique is utilized to enhance the grid performance by investigating the optimum number of nodes extracted from the logical grid. The experimental results indicated that the proposed model has better execution time, throughput, makespan, latency, load balancing, and success rate.     

复合材料失效判据有效性验证方法研究

为系统地验证复合材料失效判据计算精度和有效性范围,给出了4种材料体系、6种铺层形式的层合板在单轴、双轴载荷下的失效试验数据,用以评估复合材料失效判据在单向层合板失效包线、多向层合板初始失效包线、多向层合板最终失效包线、层合板变形及层合板的破坏特性等五个方面的预测能力。并根据验证方法和有效性评估策略对失效判据计算精度进行量化考核,给出了失效判据在五个层面上的计算精度。     

The effect of probe-Ohmic environment coupling type and probe information flow on quantum probing of the cutoff frequency

This work aims to compare results of dissipating and pure dephasing single-qubit probes in characterizing the cutoff frequency of a harmonic reservoir Ohmic spectral density. In particular, we proved that a dissipating single-qubit improves the estimation precision of the cutoff frequency estimator. The information backflow and outflow of the dissipating and the dephasing single-qubit are compared. The relation between the quantum Fisher information and the information outflow and backflow of the probe is obtained. The results show that difference between the values of information outflow and backflow of a dissipating single-qubit is larger than a dephasing single-qubit. So, a single-qubit probe extracts more information from an Ohmic reservoir by increasing the difference between the values of information outflow and backflow of the probe.     

Accelerated long-range corrected exchange functional using a two-gaussian operator combined with one-parameter progressive correlation functional [LC-BOP(2Gau)]

Recently, we proposed a simple yet efficient method for the computation of a long-range corrected (LC) hybrid scheme [LC-DFT(2Gau)], which uses a modified two-Gaussian attenuating operator instead of the error function for the long-range HF exchange integral. This method dramatically reduced the computational time while maintaining the improved features of the LC density functional theory (DFT). Here, we combined an LC hybrid scheme using a two-Gaussian attenuating operator with one-parameter progressive correlation functional and Becke88 exchange functional with varying range-separation parameter values [LC-BOP(2Gau) with various μ values of 0.16, 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, 0.35, 0.4, and 0.42] and demonstrated that LC-BOP(2Gau) reproduces well the thermochemical and frontier orbital energies of LC-BOP. Additionally, we revised the scaling factors of the Gaussian multipole screening scheme for LC-DFT(2Gau) to correspond to the angular momentum of orbitals, which decreased the energy deviations from the energy with the no-screening scheme. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

一类改进最大熵方法的可调参数分析

在结构可靠性分析中,引入含可调参数的转换函数能对传统的最大熵方法进行改进,获得更高的失效概率预测精度。但是,此可调参数的最佳取值很难确定。针对这一问题,引入概率守恒方程,从功能函数转换前后所得概率密度函数出发,建立其最大熵值的变化关系,给出转换前后最大熵值之差的理论形式。通过对三种典型单调非线性转换函数开展算例研究,发现功能函数转换前后的最大熵值之差与转换函数的最佳可调参数值有关。改变可调参数值驱使最大熵值之差变化的同时,改进最大熵方法能遍历到更好的失效概率估计值。     

高碳烃宽温度范围燃烧机理构建及动力学模拟

发动机中燃料点火特性以及燃烧能量的释放对于发动机设计具有非常重要的作用,为了提高燃料的燃烧效率以及减少燃料在燃烧过程中污染物的排放,基于反应动力学机理对燃料燃烧过程的模拟就显得十分必要。因此需要更加深入的认识碳氢燃料的燃烧机理,探索其在燃烧过程中十分复杂的化学反应网络。为了发展能够适用于实际燃料多工况条件(宽温度范围、宽压力范围和不同当量比)燃烧的燃烧机理,基于碳氢燃料机理自动生成程序ReaxGen构建了正癸烷燃烧详细机理(包含1499个物种,5713步反应)和正十一烷燃烧详细机理(包含1843个物种,6993步反应)。详细机理主要由小分子核心机理和高碳烃类(C5以上)机理两部分组成。为了验证机理的合理性与可靠性,本文对于高碳烃燃烧新机理在点火延时时间以及物种浓度曲线进行了动力学分析,并与实验数据及国内外同类机理进行了对比,结果表明本文提出的正癸烷和正十一烷燃烧新机理在比较宽泛的温度、压力和当量比条件下都具有较高的模拟精度,为发展精确航空煤油燃烧模型提供了基础数据。同时考虑到详细机理的复杂性以及机理分析的计算量大和时耗长,本文基于误差传播的直接关系图形(Directed Relation Graph with Error Propagation,DRGEP)方法简化得到的包含709组分2793反应的正癸烷和包含820组分3115反应的正十一烷简化机理,使用DRGEP方法时所采用的数据点选自压力范围从1.0×10~5 Pa到1.0×10~6Pa,当量比范围从0.5到2.0,初始温度范围从600到1400时恒压点火的模拟结果在点火延迟时间附近区域的抽样,同时在正癸烷机理简化中选取正癸烷、O_2和N_2作为初始预选组分,正十一烷的机理简化中主要选取正十一烷、O_2和N_2作为初始预选组分,得到的简化机理在比较宽泛的条件下的预测结果与详细机理吻合很好。最后结合敏感度分析方法分析了正癸烷和正十一烷的点火延迟敏感性,考察了机理中影响点火的关键反应。结果表明:这些机理能够合理描述正癸烷和正十一烷的自点火特性,在工程计算流体力学仿真设计中有很好的应用前景。     

Bayesian Estimation and Statistical Analysis of Risk Measurements

The Bayesian model are established for the VaR and related risk measurements. The relationship between VaR and other risk measurements including expect shortfall, tail condition expectation and conditional value at risk are discussed. Furthermore, the Bayesian estimates and Bayesian predictors of these risk measurement are derived. Thirdly, the consistency and asymptotic normality in the exponential risk model are proved. Finally, the numerical simulation method is used to verify the convergence rate under different sample sizes.