低喷淋密度超亲水表面水平管降液膜温度分布

水平管降液膜蒸发广泛应用在石油、化工、海水淡化等领域,对低喷淋密度温度演化规律的研究有助于拓宽其应用范围,理解其微观机理。本文在超亲水表面上结合红外热追踪技术,对水平管降液膜表面的温度演化规律进行了研究,分析了温度分区现象和温升规律。实验中首次发现了马鞍形液膜内部的高温环状结构,并结合三维数值模拟揭示了掺混作用导致的局部高温环状结构形成的内部机理。     

Experimental investigation of heat transfer performance of corrugated tube with spring tape inserts

Turbulent forced convection in a corrugated tube with spring tape is investigated experimentally, for Reynolds numbers from 10,000 to 50,000. The working fluid is air. Experiments are performed for different pitch and spring ratios. Results show that Nusselt numbers can be increased considerably, depending on pitch and spring ratios. An overall assessment, considering the friction losses, is achieved using the thermo-hydraulic performance parameter. The latter is observed to take values larger than unity for all cases, where quite high values around 2.8 occur for cases with smallest pitch and spring ratios. Predictive Nusselt number and friction factor correlations are proposed.     

Manufacturing of Volumetric Glass–Based Composites with Single‐ and Double‐QD Doping

Quantum dot (QD)‐based light‐emitting materials are gaining increased attention because of their easily tunable optical properties desired for various applications in biology, optoelectronics, and photonics. However, few methods can be used to manufacture volumetric materials doped with more than one type of QD other than QD‐polymer hybrids, and they often require complicated preparation processes and are prone to luminescence quenching by QD aggregation and separation from the matrix. Here, simultaneous doping of a volumetric glass‐based nanocomposite with two types of QDs is demonstrated for the first time in a single‐step process using the nanoparticle direct doping method. Glass rods doped with CdTe, CdSe/ZnS, or co‐doped with both QDs, are obtained. Photoluminescence and lifetime experiments confirm temperature‐dependent double emission with maxima at 596 and 720 nm with mean lifetimes up to 16 ns, as well as radiative energy transfer from the short wavelength–emitting QDs to the long wavelength–emitting QDs. This approach may enable the simple and cost‐efficient manufacturing of bulk materials that produce multicolor luminescence with cascade excitation pumping. Applications that could benefit from this include broadband optical fiber amplifiers, backlight systems in LCD screens, high‐power LEDs, or down‐converting solar concentrators used to increase the efficiency of solar panels.     

笛管式配气机构进气量的分析研究

阐述了笛管式内燃机配气机构的结构原理,并创建有限元模型,采用CFdesign软件仿真的方法对比传统配气机构和笛管式配气机构进气机理,分析进气过程中两者气缸体积流量的变化规律.结果表明:笛管式配气机构在提高较小转角或较小开度时,能使进排气流畅,进气更为充分,从而大大提高了进气量.     

基于波长调制-直接吸收光谱方法的CO分子1567 nm处谱线参数高精度标定

直接吸收光谱(DAS)可直接测量分子吸收率函数,并通过拟合吸收率函数确定待测气体参数.波长调制-直接吸收光谱(WM-DAS)在DAS基础上,结合了波长调制光谱(WMS)中谐波分析思想,利用傅里叶变换复现吸收率函数,可有效提高吸收率函数的测量精度.本文利用WM-DAS方法结合长光程气体吸收池,在室温低压条件下,对CO分子1567 nm处R5-R11近红外弱吸收谱线吸收率函数进行了精确复现,其拟合残差标准差低至3×10^-5,随后根据测得的吸收率函数对谱线的碰撞展宽、Dicke收敛以及速度依赖的碰撞展宽系数等光谱参数进行了高精度标定,并将其与高灵敏度的连续波腔衰荡光谱(CW-CRDS)测量结果进行了比较,实验结果表明该方法与CW-CRDS测量结果具有高度一致性,更具有系统简单、测量速度快、对环境要求低等优点.     

地磁对γγ方向角关联测量的影响

在γ-γ角关联实验中,发现能谱中全能峰的位置随探头方位角的改变而变化。本文通过不同的实验,验证了地磁对能谱测量的干扰以及对γ-γ方向角关联测量的影响。发现地磁对测量的影响主要来自光电倍增管,地磁方向与光电倍增管中电子飞行方向的夹角的改变,引起光电倍增管增益变化,最终给γ-γ方向角关联测量带来较大的影响。文中总结了如何减小地磁影响,改进γ-γ方向角关联实验测量的方法。     

轴向冲击载荷下薄壁折纹管的屈曲模态与吸能

在方管的基础上引入折纹结构, 利用几何关系建立折纹管的折角公式。采用LS-DYNA软件研究了6种折纹管在轴向冲击下的屈曲模态与能量吸收性能, 并与方管进行对比分析。结果表明, 折纹管在冲击载荷作用下屈曲变形过程可分为3个阶段, 初始峰值阶段、稳定渐进屈曲阶段和密实化阶段。折角是影响初始峰值载荷和平均载荷的重要因素之一, 折纹结构的引入有效的降低了初始峰值载荷, 减小了冲击力的波动幅度; 折纹管的比吸能低于方管, 但是在特定折角下, 折纹管的压缩力效率和比总体效率高于方管。     

The pyrolysis of propane

The pyrolysis of propane plays an important role in determining the combustion properties of natural gas mixtures and offers insight into the cracking patterns of larger fuels. This work investigates propane pyrolysis behind reflected shock waves with a multiwavelength laser-absorption speciation technique. Nine laser wavelengths, sensitive to key pyrolysis species, were used to measure absorbance time histories during the decomposition of 2% propane in argon between 1022 and 1467 K, 3.7-4.3 atm. Absorbance models were developed at each diagnostic wavelength to interrogate common initial conditions, and time histories of all major species are reported at 1250, 1290, 1330, 1370, and 1410 K. Nearly complete carbon recovery observed at lower temperatures enabled the inference of hydrogen formation from atomic conservation, while decaying carbon recovery at high temperatures suggests the formation of allene and 1-butene. The results show systematically faster pyrolysis than predicted by kinetic modeling and motivate further study into the kinetics of propane pyrolysis.     

半波长超导共面波导谐振腔传输及温度特性研究

超导共面波导谐振腔主要包括四分之一波长型和半波长型.本文对半波长超导共面波导谐振腔使用并联RLC电路进行等效分析,使用sonnet软件进行仿真其传输特性,通过电子束蒸发和激光直写等工艺制备出样品,在低温超导状态下使用矢量网络分析仪对其传输特性进行测量,以及通过持续降温方式研究其传输特性受温度的影响.实验表明:测得的谐振频率和外部品质因数与设计值吻合;谐振频率受动态电感的影响随温度降低而升高;外部品质因数随温度降低而保持基本不变;内部品质因先受导体损耗的影响随温度降低而急剧升高,当温度降低至一定温度后内部品质因数受介电损耗的影响随温度降低而保持基本不变;总品质因数在温度较高时主要来自于导体损耗,在温度较低时主要来自于介电损耗和外部品质因数,随温度的变化趋势和内部品质因数一致.     

200 km沙漠链路高精度光纤时频传递关键技术研究

针对沙漠环境实地链路存在的温度变化大、室外风力、地表振动等多种复杂噪声来源,通过对系统反馈补偿带宽、反馈补偿强度、光功率等时频传递系统关键参数的优化配置,研究了不同反馈补偿参数下复杂链路噪声的有效抑制技术.全链路的频率传递稳定度8×10~(-14)@1s,1×10~(-16)@1000 s,千秒尺度下时间信号传递的时间方差仅为1.2 ps.实现了氢钟信号在200 km量级沙漠环境实地链路的无损传输.该验证实验在基于短基线干涉测量的卫星测轨系统中发挥了重要作用.