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1.
朱怀念  朱莹 《运筹与管理》2021,30(10):183-190
现实经济中,当股票价格受到一些重大信息影响而发生突发性的跳跃时,用跳扩散过程来描述股票价格的趋势更符合实际情况。基于这一观察,本文研究跳扩散模型下包含两个投资者的非零和投资组合博弈问题。假设金融市场中包含一种无风险资产和一种风险资产,其中风险资产的价格动态用跳扩散模型来描述。将该非零和博弈问题构造成两个效用最大化问题,每个投资者的目标是最大化终端时刻自身财富与其竞争对手财富差的均值-方差效用。运用随机控制理论,得到了均衡投资策略以及相应值函数的解析表达。最后通过数值仿真算例分析了模型相关参数变动对均衡投资策略的影响。仿真结果显示:当股价发生不连续跳跃,投资者在构造投资策略时考虑跳跃风险可以显著增加其效用水平;同时,随着博弈竞争的加剧,投资者为了在竞争中取得更好的表现,往往会采取更加激进的投资策略,增加对风险资产的投资。  相似文献   
2.
When applying a diagnostic technique to complex systems, whose dynamics, constraints, and environment evolve over time, being able to re-evaluate the residuals that are capable of detecting defaults and proposing the most appropriate ones can quickly prove to make sense. For this purpose, the concept of adaptive diagnosis is introduced. In this work, the contributions of information theory are investigated in order to propose a Fault-Tolerant multi-sensor data fusion framework. This work is part of studies proposing an architecture combining a stochastic filter for state estimation with a diagnostic layer with the aim of proposing a safe and accurate state estimation from potentially inconsistent or erroneous sensors measurements. From the design of the residuals, using α-Rényi Divergence (α-RD), to the optimization of the decision threshold, through the establishment of a function that is dedicated to the choice of α at each moment, we detail each step of the proposed automated decision-support framework. We also dwell on: (1) the consequences of the degree of freedom provided by this α parameter and on (2) the application-dictated policy to design the α tuning function playing on the overall performance of the system (detection rate, false alarms, and missed detection rates). Finally, we present a real application case on which this framework has been tested. The problem of multi-sensor localization, integrating sensors whose operating range is variable according to the environment crossed, is a case study to illustrate the contributions of such an approach and show the performance.  相似文献   
3.
We generalize the Jensen-Shannon divergence and the Jensen-Shannon diversity index by considering a variational definition with respect to a generic mean, thereby extending the notion of Sibson’s information radius. The variational definition applies to any arbitrary distance and yields a new way to define a Jensen-Shannon symmetrization of distances. When the variational optimization is further constrained to belong to prescribed families of probability measures, we get relative Jensen-Shannon divergences and their equivalent Jensen-Shannon symmetrizations of distances that generalize the concept of information projections. Finally, we touch upon applications of these variational Jensen-Shannon divergences and diversity indices to clustering and quantization tasks of probability measures, including statistical mixtures.  相似文献   
4.
In this article, a way to employ the diffusion approximation to model interplay between TCP and UDP flows is presented. In order to control traffic congestion, an environment of IP routers applying AQM (Active Queue Management) algorithms has been introduced. Furthermore, the impact of the fractional controller PIγ and its parameters on the transport protocols is investigated. The controller has been elaborated in accordance with the control theory. The TCP and UDP flows are transmitted simultaneously and are mutually independent. Only the TCP is controlled by the AQM algorithm. Our diffusion model allows a single TCP or UDP flow to start or end at any time, which distinguishes it from those previously described in the literature.  相似文献   
5.
We address the problem of telegraphic transport in several dimensions. We review the derivation of two and three dimensional telegrapher’s equations—as well as their fractional generalizations—from microscopic random walk models for transport (normal and anomalous). We also present new results on solutions of the higher dimensional fractional equations.  相似文献   
6.
With the development of device engineering and molecular design,organic field effect transistors(OFETs)with high mobility over 10 cm2 V-1-s-1 have been reported.However,the nonideal doubleslope effect has been frequently observed in some of these OFETs,which makes it difficult to extract the intrinsic mobility OFETs accurately,impeding the further application of them.In this review,the origin of the nonideal double-slope effect has been discussed thoroughly,with affecting factors such as contact resistance,charge trapping,disorder effects and coulombic interactions considered.According to these discussions and the understanding of the mechanism behind double-slope effect,several strategies have been proposed to realize ideal OFETs,such as doping,molecular engineering,charge trapping reduction,and contact engineering.After that,some novel devices based on the nonideal double-slope behaviors have been also introduced.  相似文献   
7.
数学均匀化方法是计算周期复合材料结构的有效方法之一,单胞边界条件施加的合理性直接决定了影响函数控制方程的计算效率和精度,进而影响均匀化弹性参数和摄动位移的计算精度.本文首先将单胞影响函数作为虚拟位移处理,给出了单胞在结构中真实的边界条件,结果表明,四边固支适合作为二维结构单胞边界条件;其次,针对二维结构提出了超单胞周期边界条件,有效提高了影响函数的计算精度,并使用与虚拟位移相对应的虚拟势能泛函验证超单胞周期边界条件的有效性;最后,利用数值分析验证多尺度渐进展开方法的计算精度,强调了二阶摄动的必要性.  相似文献   
8.
We discuss the peculiarities of the Seebeck effect in stabilized electrolytes containing the colloidal particles. Its unusual feature is the two stage character, with the linear increase of differential thermopower as the function of colloidal particles concentration n during the first stage (“initial state”) and dramatic drop of it at small n during the second one (“steady state”). We show that the properties of the initial state are governed by the thermo-diffusion flows of the mobile ions of the stabilizing electrolyte medium itself and how the colloidal particles participate in the formation of the electric field in the bulk of the suspension. In its turn, we attribute the specifics of the steady state thermoelectric effect the massive colloidal particles undergoing slow thermal diffusion and the break down of their electro-neutrality in the vicinity of electrodes.  相似文献   
9.
基于光谱技术建立的多元校正模型通常条件下只适用于同一台仪器、相同的测试条件及同批次或同类别的样品。在仪器、测试环境、样品发生变化后,已建光谱模型不再适配,需要进行模型转移。模型转移是限制光谱技术推广应用的关键技术瓶颈,模型转移是否成功直接影响到可见-近红外光谱技术的推广应用,为此,综述了其研究现状,并探讨了其未来发展方向。首先,将模型转移问题分成了两类:第一类是相同样品在不同仪器或不同测试环境(不同温度/不同湿度)等条件下产生的模型不适配问题;第二类是不同批次、不同物理形态、不同种类间产生的模型不适配问题。这两类问题性质不同,解决第一类模型转移,能够保证同源样品的准确性和稳定性;解决第二类,能够实现光谱模型在不同样品间的自动传递和匹配应用。然后,梳理了常用的模型转移算法并进行了分类,包括模型更新、基于光谱校正算法、基于结果校正算法等,并列举了每个类别的模型转移算法的应用。模型更新是一种重新计算模型系数最直接的方法,通过扩展和调整模型来满足新的变化;基于光谱校正算法是通过算法计算转移矩阵,实现对光谱的校正;基于结果校正算法是通过算法计算预测结果和实际结果系数,从而实现预测结果的校正。最后,指出未来应着重研究第二类模型转移问题,并且要寻找能够实现机器自动校正的模型转移,从根本上解决模型转移这一限制光谱速测应用的主要技术瓶颈。  相似文献   
10.
本文研究泊松逆高斯回归模型的贝叶斯统计推断.基于应用Gibbs抽样,Metropolis-Hastings算法以及Multiple-Try Metropolis算法等MCMC统计方法计算模型未知参数和潜变量的联合贝叶斯估计,并引入两个拟合优度统计量来评价提出的泊松逆高斯回归模型的合理性.若干模拟研究与一个实证分析说明方法的可行性.  相似文献   
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