Front face synchronous fluorescence as a tool for the quality assurance of Greek milk

This research focuses on implementing the low cost and rapid front face synchronous fluorescence (SyFS) in order to ensure the quality assurance of Greek milk. Specifically, samples originated from the Greek domestic production of goat, sheep, cow, as well as foreign cow milk samples and adulterated cow milk samples. SyFS spectra were acquired in the excitation area of 250–500 nm with (Δλ)= 100 nm. Greek and foreign cow milk samples were differentiated based on intensity variations at wavelengths 350–515 nm, 540–579 nm, and 580–600 nm. The emissions at these wavelength positions correspond to tryptophan, vitamin A, and riboflavin. The supervised model with 94 samples exhibited p-value = 7,98E-11, RMSEE= 0,29171, RMSEcv= 0,29284 and RMSEP= 0,98013, AUROC for Greek samples= 0,61 and AUROC for foreign= 0,85. We differentiated milk samples according to the animal type with PCA and OPLS-DA models of 107 samples exhibiting RMSEE= 0,225842, RMSEcv= 0,228054 and RMSEP= 0,518635, AUROC for sheep samples= 0,99, AUROC for goat samples= 0,98 and AUROC for cow samples= 0,96. In fact, the emission band 350–591 nm characterized sheep milk and corresponds to aminoacids and fatty acids, cow milk was related to the 350–600 nm emission band related to the b-carotene and to the goat milk the emission bands 350–505 nm and 520–600 nm were attributed to tryptophan, NADH and Rivoflabin. Finally, we investigated whether SyFS coupled with chemometrics may provide preliminary evidence on adulterated cow milk samples. All models were validated with permutation testing, p-values and ROC curves.     

基于虚拟仪器的简易声源追踪系统设计

为了在大型粮仓中局部出现害虫鸟类时可以快速找出其位置,解决目前声源定位设备成本高、计算量大实时性差的问题,对波达声差（TDOA）定位技术和互相关时延算法进行研究,提出一种改进了广义互相关时延估计算法,设计实现一种基于虚拟仪器的简易声源追踪系统根据害虫害鼠发出声音进行位置追踪进行粮仓管理。详细介绍了系统软硬件设计实现,系统可以实现参数设置、声源坐标的实时获取、文件存储、三维动态和数值显示等功能。实验结果显示,该系统具有实时性好、精度高、计算量小、工作稳定等特点。     

基于FPGA的电容式编码器数据采集系统的设计与实现

电容式编码器是一种新型、耐用、可靠和准确的编码器。由于电容式编码器编码的原理不同于传统的光学式和电磁式编码器,其输出的位置信息是经过两路激励信号调制后的正弦波形,与传统的正余弦(和)和方波(PWM)输出方式差异较大,因此其信号检测技术也和传统的编码器有很大的差别。为了精确地获取电容式编码器输出信号中所携带的位置信息,本文设计了一套基于现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)的电容式编码器数据采集系统。文中介绍了带通滤波器、同步正交解调、低通滤波器和Cordic等算法,并详细分析了系统的稳定性和误差。实验结果表明,系统能够实时的获取转子的位置信息,同时具有较好的分辨率和精度。     

同步荧光光谱法研究肿瘤芳香族氨基酸残基含量的变化

用同步荧光光谱法评估原发性肝细胞癌患者血浆、肝癌荷瘤小鼠以及培养细胞(HepG2和HL-7702)中酪氨酸(Tyr)和色氨酸(Trp)残基水平变化。固定发射波长λem和激发波长λex之间的波长差Δλ分别为20和60nm,激发和发射单色器同时进行扫描,确定350nm为Trp的同步特征发射峰位置,318nm为Tyr的同步特征发射峰位置。结果表明,肝癌患者及荷瘤小鼠血浆蛋白质所含Tyr和Trp残基的荧光强度明显增加。相反,肝癌细胞或荷瘤小鼠肿瘤组织中Tyr和Trp残基荧光强度却随生长时间增长而减少。进一步实验表明,具有抗癌活性的苦参碱处理癌细胞后,细胞Tyr和Trp残基的荧光强度升高。这些结果表明,Tyr和Trp残基的变化可能参与了肿瘤的发生发展。     

光谱法研究盐酸麻黄碱及盐酸伪麻黄碱与人血清白蛋白的键合

在模拟人体生理条件下,采用紫外光谱法、荧光光谱法和同步荧光光谱法研究盐酸麻黄碱及盐酸伪麻黄碱与人血清白蛋白(HSA)的结合作用.实验表明:盐酸麻黄碱和盐酸伪麻黄碱对HSA的荧光猝灭机制均为静态猝灭,盐酸麻黄碱和盐酸伪麻黄碱与HSA均形成1∶1复合物,结合常数K分别为2.53×104 L·mol-1和2.02×104 L...     

恒能量同步荧光光谱法测定食用油中多环芳烃

用12%（w/V）的氢氧化钾-乙醇溶液皂化食用油的脂肪酸,以环己烷萃取皂化液中的多环芳烃,经浓缩,柱层析纯化并浓缩,取微量试样液稀释后,通过选择合适能量差,建立了同步荧光法测定食用油中多环芳烃含量的新方法,其线性范围为5—1000ng.mL-1,检出限在0.04—15.21ng.mL-1之间,平均加标回收率在81.94%—90.06%之间。该方法具有快速、简便、准确等特点。     

光谱法研究酸度对一种白杨素衍生物与牛血清白蛋白相互作用的影响

在3种酸度条件下,采用多种光谱技术对一种白杨素衍生物和牛血清白蛋白的相互作用进行了研究.结果表明该衍生物和牛血清白蛋白可形成基态复合物,静态、动态猝灭方式同时存在,以静态猝灭为主.通过计算获得了在不同温度及酸度条件下的结合常数及结合位点数.该衍生物在碱性条件下和牛血清白蛋白的结合能力较强.在pH 7.40的生理条件下,...     

基于虚拟仪器技术的多路水声信号同步采集及处理平台设计

本文介绍了虚拟仪器技术在水声信号处理研究中的一个具体应用,利用LabVIEW语言编程,在NI公司高速数据采集硬件平台上实现了高采样率下多通道数据的同步采集、处理、记录功能,并在不使用信号处理机的情况下,利用主控单板机的单核CPU完成了32通道常规波束成形(CBF)的实时计算。同时,本文对非DSP硬件平台的实时信号处理实现方法进行了初步的研究。     

Spectrofluorimetric study on the interaction between antimicrobial drug sulfamethazine and bovine serum albumin

The interaction between the antimicrobial drug sulfamethazine (STM) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) has been studied using steady state and synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy. Fluorescence emission data revealed that BSA (2×10⁻⁶ M) fluorescence was statically quenched by STM at various concentrations, which implies that STM-BSA complex has been formed. The fluorescence emission data was analyzed via applying the Stern-Volmer analysis in combination with thermodynamic investigation, where obtained results revealed that quenching is static with quenching constants of 2.371, 1.658, and 0.916×10⁵ M⁻¹ at 298, 304, and 310 K, respectively. Binding constants and number of binding sites at different temperatures were also determined by applying the Scatchard method, which in turn were used to construct the van't Hoff plot in order to estimate the enthalpy (ΔH) and entropy changes (ΔS) for the complexation process. An average of 1.00±0.17 was estimated for the number of sites of BSA, which indicated that STM binds to BSA with stoichiometric ratio of 1:1. The values that were estimated from the van't Hoff plot for ΔH and (ΔS) were −36.8 kJ mol⁻¹ and −14.9 J mol⁻¹ K⁻¹, respectively, which indicate that the STM-BSA complex is stabilized with hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions. Synchronous fluorescence data was obtained at Δλ of 15 and 60 nm, where obtained results confirmed that STM binds to BSA at the tryptophan residue (Trp. 213). In addition, the distance between STM and the Trp. 213 was estimated via employing the Förster's non-radiative energy-transfer theory, and was found to be 2.73 nm, which in turn indicated that STM can bind to BSA with high probability.     

Synchronous ultrasonic Doppler imaging of magnetic microparticles in biological tissues

We considered applicability of acoustic imaging technology for the detection of magnetic microparticles and nanoparticles inside soft biological tissues. Such particles are widely used for magnetically targeted drug delivery and magnetic hyperthermia. We developed a new method of ultrasonic synchronous tissue Doppler imaging with magnetic modulation for in vitro and in vivo detection and visualization of magnetic ultradisperse objects in soft tissues. Prototype hardware with appropriate software was produced and the method was successfully tested on magnetic microparticles injected into an excised pig liver.