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We describe a model based on continuum mechanics that reduces the study of a significant class of problems of discrete dislocation dynamics to questions of the modern theory of continuum plasticity. As applications, we explore the questions of the existence of a Peierls stress in a continuum theory, dislocation annihilation, dislocation dissociation, finite-speed-of-propagation effects of elastic waves vis-a-vis dynamic dislocation fields, supersonic dislocation motion, and short-slip duration in rupture dynamics. 相似文献
3.
本文使用傅里叶变换微波谱仪研究了乙基苯胺类物质(邻乙基苯胺,间乙基苯胺,对乙基苯胺)的分子结构. 由于此类分子含氮原子(I14N=1),因此跃迁谱线中都呈现出核四级裂分. 通过比较实验测定得到的分子结构,可总结苯胺环上不同位置乙基的取代对氨基及分子整体结构的影响. 相似文献
4.
Oscillatory flows of a choked underexpanded supersonic impinging jet issuing from a convergent nozzle have been computed using
the axisymmetric unsteady Navier--Stokes system. This paper focuses on the oscillatory flow features associated with the variation
of the nozzle-to-plate distance and nozzle pressure ratio. Frequencies of the surface pressure oscillation and flow structural
changes from computational results have been analyzed. Staging behavior of the oscillation frequency has been observed for
both cases of nozzle-to-plate distance variation and pressure ratio variation. However, the staging behavior for each case
exhibits different features. These two distinct staging behaviors of the oscillation frequency are found to correlate well
if the frequency and the distance are normalized by the length of the shock cell. It is further found that the staging behavior
is strongly correlated with the change of the pressure wave pattern in the jet shear layer, but not with the shock cell structure.
Communicated by K. Takayama
PACS 02.60.Cb; 47.40.−x; 47.40.Nm; 47.35.+I; 47.15.−x 相似文献
5.
6.
光学目标模拟器是光学成像制导仿真系统中的关键设备之一。本文在介绍圆弧导轨式和框架式两种光学目标模拟器机械结构方案的基础上,详细分析了框架式机械结构的诸多优点。最后,总结了框架式目标模拟器研制中的一些关键技术 相似文献
7.
A great number of experimental data indicating shock wave/boundary layer interactions in internal or external supersonic flows
were reviewed to make clear the mechanism of the interaction and to decide the onset of shock-induced separation. The interesting
conclusions were obtained for the considerably wide range of flow geometries that the onset of separation is independent of
the flow geometries and the boundary layer Reynolds number. It is found that the pressure rise necessary to separate the boundary
layer in supersonic external flows could be applied to such internal flows as overexpanded nozzles or diffusers. This is due
to the fact that the separation phenomenon caused by shock wave/boundary layer interactions is processed through a supersonic
deceleration. The shock-induced separation in almost all of interacting flow fields is governed by the concept of free interaction,
and the onset of shock-induced separation is only a function of the Mach number just upstream of shock wave. However, physical
scales of the produced separation are not independent of the downstream flow fields. 相似文献
8.
The tomographic reconstruction of supersonic flows faces two challenges. Firstly, techniques used in the past, such as the
direct Fourier method (DFM) (Gottlieb and Gustafsson in On the direct Fourier method for computer tomography, 1998; Morton
in Tomographic imaging of supersonic flows, 1995) or various backprojection (Kak and Slaney in Principles of computerized
tomographic imaging, vol. 33 in Classics in Applied Mathematics, 2001) techniques, have only been able to reconstruct areas
of the flow which are upstream of any opaque objects, such as a model. Secondly, shock waves create sharp discontinuities
in flow properties, which can be difficult to reconstruct both in position and in magnitude with limited data. This paper
will present a reconstruction method, matrix inversion using ray-tracing and least squares conjugate gradient (MI-RLS), which uses geometric ray-tracing and a sparse matrix iterative solver (Paige and Saunders in ACM Trans. Math. Softw.
8(1):43–71, 1982) to overcome both of these challenges. It will be shown, through testing with a phantom object described
in tomographic literature, that the results compare favourably to those produced by the DFM technique. Finally, the method
will be used to reconstruct three-dimensional density fields from interferometric shock layer images, with good resolution
(Faletič in Tomographic reconstruction of shock layer flows, 2005).
This paper was based on work that was presented at the 3rd International Symposium on Interdisciplinary Shock Wave Research,
Canberra, Australia, March 1–3, 2006. 相似文献
9.
本文基于光学和扫描显微平台,介绍了本研究组在微尺度实验力学检测技术和设备方面的最新研究成果。在检测技术方面涉及显微散斑干涉技术、微标记阵列检测技术、晶粒变形分析技术、光学探针动静态变形分析技术;在检测系统和装置方面介绍了新近开发的双视场薄膜检测系统、散斑微干涉系统、微标记检测平台、AFM和SEM单轴拉伸装置、三维微定位与加载系统、微力传感器及其标定装置、微动平台驱动装置等。探讨了微尺度实验力学检测中的问题和新的检测技术,给出了一些典型的应用和相关装置。 相似文献
10.
Temporal sequences of planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) images of several high-speed, transient flowfields created in a reflection-type shock tunnel facility were acquired. In each case, the test gas contained either nitric oxide or the hydroxyl radical, the fluorescent species. The processes of shock reflection from an endwall with a converging nozzle and of underexpanded free jet formation were examined. A comparison was also made between PLIF imaging and shadow photography. The investigation demonstrated some of the capabilities of PLIF imaging diagnostics in complex, transient, hypersonic flowfields, including those with combustion.Nomenclature
A
spontaneous emission rate
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A
las
cross sectional area of laser sheet
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B
laser absorption rate
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C
opt
constant dependent on optical arrangement, collection efficiency, etc.
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D
nozzle throat diameter
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E
p
laser pulse energy
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f
J
Boltzmann fraction of absorbing state
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g
spectral convolution of laser and absorption lineshapes
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k
Boltzmann constant
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M
s
incident shock Mach number
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N
noise, root-mean-square signal fluctuation
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P
static pressure
-
P
1
initial pressure of test gas in shock tube
-
P
a
free jet ambient pressure
-
P
s
stagnation pressure
-
Q
electronic quenching rate of excited state
-
S
PLIF signal
-
t
time between shock reflection and image acquisition
-
T
static temperature
-
T
s
stagnation temperature
-
a
mole fraction of absorbing species 相似文献